1 4 dioxane

p-Phenylenediamine was purchased from TCI Chemicals (India) Pvt. Ltd. Xylene, toluene, chloroform, dichloromethane, 1,4-dioxane, acetone and silica gel were purchased from SISCO Research Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., India. Methanol and ethanol were purchased from Qualigens Pvt. Ltd. Benzene, 1-butanol, 2-propanol, DMSO, and DMF were obtained from Merck Life Science Pvt. Ltd. MWCO = 1 kDa dialysis membrane (HiMedia) was used as received. All commercially available reagent grade chemicals were used as received without further purification. Deionized (DI) water (resistivity ≈ 18 MΩ), determined using broadband dielectric measurements (Novocontrol broadband dielectric spectrometer in the frequency range of 10⁻² to 10⁷ Hz) was used for all the experiments reported.

3-Amino-1-propanol (3-ap), trimethylolpropane-tris(3-mercaptopropionate), 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane (3-MPTMS) (99%), and dimethyldichlorosilane were procured from Sigma-Aldrich, India. Paraformaldehyde, 1,4-dioxane, ethyl acetate, anhydrous sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄), ethanol, dichloromethane and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were obtained from Sisco Research Laboratories (SRL), India. Eugenol was acquired from Avra Chemicals, India.