Er 4131vt

Manufactured by Bruker

The ER 4131VT is a variable temperature control unit designed for use with Bruker's electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometers. It provides precise temperature control of the sample environment within the EPR cavity, enabling measurements to be conducted at a wide range of temperatures.

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Lab products found in correlation

Elexsys e500 spectrometer, by Bruker (2 mentions) Emx spectrometer, by Bruker (2 mentions) Matlab, by MathWorks (1 mentions) Easyspin toolbox, by MathWorks (1 mentions) Elexsys e500, by Bruker (1 mentions)

7 protocols using er 4131vt

Spin Label ESR Characterization of Functionalized Nanoparticles

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Similarly to previous studies^{29 (link)–32 (link)} the electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements were made on an X-band Bruker EMX –10 spectrometer with 100 kHz magnetic field second modulation frequency. Low temperatures, at which the ESR spectra were recorded, were controlled by a Bruker temperature control system ER 4131VT. The ESR spectra were recorded in a magnetic field sweep range of 650 mT, 10 mT and 1 mT. For the ESR spectra characteristic spectroscopic parameters were determined: g-spectroscopic splitting factor value, peak-to-peak line width (ΔH) and hyperfine splitting constant (A) with the accuracy of ±0.0005, ±0.5 mT and ±0.5 mT, respectively.
The ESR spectra of pure spin labels solutions were investigated: TEMPO, TEMPOL, 4-Amino-TEMPO and 4-Carboxy-TEMPO, spin labels solutions with yeast cells, magnetic nanoparticles solutions with attached spin labels and solutions of magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with spin labels mixed with cells yeast.
ESR method provides information about samples of nanoparticles functionalized with spin labels, which relate to a magnetic core, a structure and dynamics of the surface of nanoparticles as well as their interaction with cells.

Krzyminiewski R., Dobosz B., Schroeder G, & Kurczewska J. (2019). ESR as a monitoring method of the interactions between TEMPO-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles and yeast cells. Scientific Reports, 9, 18733.

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Electron Spin Resonance Measurements

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For electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements, an X-band Bruker EMX-10 spectrometer was used with a magnetic field second modulation frequency of 100 kHz. After incubation at 310 K, the samples were taken to Pasteur pipettes and measured at 293 K and 240 K. Measurement temperatures were maintained and controlled by a Bruker temperature controller unit ER 4131VT. The ESR spectra were recorded in three magnetic field ranges: 650 mT, 15 mT, and 8 mT.
For registered ESR spectra, typical spectroscopic parameters were determined: g-spectroscopic splitting factor value, peak-to-peak line width (ΔH), and hyperfine splitting constant (A) [22 (link),38 (link)] with the accuracy of ± 0.0005, ± 0.5 mT, and ± 0.5 mT, respectively. Each time, the concentration of spin label was calculated from the integrated intensity of appropriate ESR signals with the accuracy of 10%. All ESR experiments were repeated many times giving the same ESR spectra.

Krzyminiewski R., Dobosz B., Krist B., Schroeder G., Kurczewska J, & Bluyssen H.A. (2020). ESR Method in Monitoring of Nanoparticle Endocytosis in Cancer Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(12), 4388.

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Characterization of Cbl Protein Complexes

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The concentrations of reagents in the EPR samples were: 375 μM CblC^ΔC, 300 μM cob(II)alamin or cob(II)inamide, 500 μM ^ΔNCblD in Reaction Buffer. The sample containing cob(II)inamide (300 μM) and GSH (4 mM) was prepared in 0.2 M NaOH + 10 % glycerol. All samples were prepared anaerobically. Continuous-wave EPR spectra were collected on a Bruker Elexsys E500 spectrometer using a Super High Q Cavity (Bruker ER 4122SHQE) and Bruker ER4131VT system. A nitrogen-flow cooling system was used. The following experimental conditions were used: modulation frequency, 100 kHz; modulation amplitude, 10 Gauss; microwave power, 2 mW; temperature; 120 K, microwave frequency, 9.45 GHz. Simulations of the EPR spectra were performed by using the EasySpin toolbox run in MATLAB (v. R2015a; Mathworks, Natick, MA)^{38 (link)} . Simulations included variation of the electron g-tensor and electron-nuclear (⁵⁹Co) hyperfine tensor, with strain parameters introduced for both g- and hyperfine tensor components (see Figure S4 and Table S1).

Li Z., Mascarenhas R., Twahir U.T., Kallon A., Deb A., Yaw M., Penner-Hahn J., Koutmos M., Warncke K, & Banerjee R. (2020). An interprotein Co-S coordination complex in the B12-trafficking pathway. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 142(38), 16334-16345.

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EPR Characterization of Powder Samples

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EPR experiments
were carried out for powder samples using a Bruker Elexsys E500 spectrometer
operating at ∼9.5 GHz (X-band) frequency. The spectrometer
was equipped with an NMR teslameter and a frequency counter. The temperature
was controlled by using a Bruker ER 4131VT variable temperature accessory
and stabilized for 15 min before a spectrum was recorded. We set the
amplitude and frequency of the modulating field to 5 G and 100 kHz,
respectively and the microwave power to 10 mW. The spectra were simulated
using a pure Lorentzian line shape. The g factors, linewidths (Γ),
and relative weights of Mn(II) centers were determined from the numerical
simulations. The linewidths we report are the full width at half height.
They are related to the distance between the inflection points (Γ_PP) via Γ_PP = Γ/√3. The EPR spectra
were simulated using EasySpin 5.2.30.^{31 (link),32 (link)}

Rok M., Zarychta B., Janicki R., Witwicki M., Bieńko A, & Bator G. (2022). Dielectric-Optical Switches: Photoluminescent, EPR, and Magnetic Studies on Organic–Inorganic Hybrid (azetidinium)2MnBr4. Inorganic Chemistry, 61(14), 5626-5636.

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X-band EPR Spectroscopy at Cryogenic Temperatures

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X-band EPR spectra were recorded at 7 and at 25 K with a EMX Bruker spectrometer equipped with a ER4116DM Bruker cavity, an Oxford Instrument Cryostat (ESR900) and a Bruker temperature controller (ER4131VT).

Castaldelli E., Imalka Jayawardena K.D., Cox D.C., Clarkson G.J., Walton R.I., Le-Quang L., Chauvin J., Silva S.R, & Demets G.J. (2017). Electrical semiconduction modulated by light in a cobalt and naphthalene diimide metal-organic framework. Nature Communications, 8, 2139.

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EPR Characterization of Powder Samples

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EPR experiments were carried out for powder samples using a Bruker Elexsys E500 spectrometer operating at ∼9.6 GHz (X-band) frequency. The spectrometer was equipped with an NMR teslameter and a frequency counter. The temperature was controlled by using a finger-Dewar for measurements at 77 K and a Bruker ER 4131VT variable temperature accessory for 350 K. We set the amplitude and frequency of the modulating field to 10 G and 100 kHz, respectively, and we set the microwave power to 20 mW. The EPR spectra were simulated using EasySpin 5.2.35 [73 (link),74 (link)].

Barwiolek M., Jankowska D., Kaczmarek-Kędziera A., Lakomska I., Kobylarczyk J., Podgajny R., Popielarski P., Masternak J., Witwicki M, & Muzioł T.M. (2023). New Dinuclear Macrocyclic Copper(II) Complexes as Potentially Fluorescent and Magnetic Materials. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(3), 3017.

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EPR Spectroscopy of High-Temperature Samples

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Sample preparation is described in Section 1 of Supporting Information (SI). EPR spectra were measured using an X-band (9.5 GHz) Bruker EMX spectrometer equipped with the digital temperature control system (ER4131VT) for high temperature measurements using a heated flow of nitrogen gas. For each temperature, samples were equilibrated for 5 minutes before taking the measurement. Variable temperature measurements were performed with the tolerance < 0.1 K. The following conditions were used: microwave frequency of 9.55 GHz; microwave power of 2 mW; modulation frequency of 100 kHz; modulation amplitude of 1.0 G.

Prior C, & Oganesyan V.S. (2017). Prediction of EPR Spectra of Lyotropic Liquid Crystals using a Combination of Molecular Dynamics Simulations and the Model-Free Approach. Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 23(53).

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