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Gadds

Manufactured by Bruker
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The GADDS (General Area Detector Diffraction System) is a versatile X-ray diffraction solution offered by Bruker. It provides a rapid and accurate method for the analysis of crystalline materials. The GADDS system utilizes a two-dimensional area detector to collect diffraction data, enabling efficient and comprehensive characterization of samples.

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Lab products found in correlation

D8 discover, by Bruker (4 mentions) K alpha, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Labx xrd 6000, by Shimadzu (1 mentions) S 8010, by Hitachi (1 mentions) Tecnai osiris system, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Tecnai f20 system, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Labram hr800, by Horiba (1 mentions) Pyris 1 tg analyzer, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions) Ultra plus, by Zeiss (1 mentions) Jem 2100f, by JEOL (1 mentions) Hr800, by Horiba (1 mentions) D8 discover diffractometer, by Bruker (1 mentions) D2 phaser, by Bruker (1 mentions) Asap 2020, by Micromeritics (1 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

D8 Discover with GADDS (9 citations) D8 GADDS system (4 citations) D8 Discover GADDS (4 citations) GADD/D8 X-Ray system (2 citations) GADDS software (2 citations) AXS D8 Discover GADDS X-Ray Diffractometer (2 citations) GADDS XRD powder diffractometer (2 citations) GADDS system (2 citations) AXS D8 Discover GADDS (2 citations)

8 protocols using gadds

1

Comprehensive Characterization of Nanomaterials

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The crystallinity of the samples was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using a diffractometer with Cu Kα radiation (Shimadzu LabX XRD-6000). Grazing-incidence XRD (GIXRD) measurements were performed with D8 Discover with GADDS (Bruker AXS Gmbh, Karisruhe, Germany). Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images were taken with a FEI Tecnai Osiris system and top-view TEM images were taken with a FEI Tecnai F20 system. The morphologies of the prepared samples were obtained using a field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Hitachi, S-8010). X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) was performed by a Ulvac-PHI 1600 spectrometer with monochromatic Al Kα X-ray radiation (1486.6 eV). Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy were conducted with HORIBA LabRAM HR800 except for the Raman mapping. We used 632 nm excitation wavelength for the measurements. The Si peak at 520 cm−1 was used as a reference for wavenumber calibration. The Raman mapping was performed on Nanofinder 30 (Tokyo Instruments, Inc.).
Wu P.C., Yang C.L., Du Y, & Lai C.H. (2019). Scalable Epitaxial Growth of WSe2 Thin Films on SiO2/Si via a Self-Assembled PtSe2 Buffer Layer. Scientific Reports, 9, 8017.
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2

Comprehensive Characterization of Samples

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The morphology of the samples was examined using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM, ULTRA PLUS, ZEISS) and field-emission transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM, JEOL, JEM-2100F). The phase analysis of the samples was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD, D8 Discover with GADDS, Bruker) using Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.5418 Å). The chemical composition of the samples was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Thermo Scientific K-Alpha) using a focused monochromatic Al Kα radiation at 12 kV and 20 mA. Raman spectroscopy (Jobin–Yvon LabRam, HR800, excitation source = 514 nm He–Ne laser) was conducted to confirm the presence of a graphitic structure in the samples. The surface areas of the samples were estimated using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method where N2 was used as the adsorbate gas. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out using a Pyris 1 TG analyzer (Perkin Elmer) over the temperature range of 25–700 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C min−1 under an air atmosphere.
Jo M.S., Ghosh S., Jeong S.M., Kang Y.C, & Cho J.S. (2019). Coral-Like Yolk–Shell-Structured Nickel Oxide/Carbon Composite Microspheres for High-Performance Li-Ion Storage Anodes. Nano-Micro Letters, 11, 3.
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3

Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystals

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SNFs were used as capping agents and templates for mineral formation and growth. Specifically, 6 mL 0.2 M CaCl2 was added to 100 mL SNF solution (0.1 wt%) under continuous stirring or agitation. Five minutes later, 6 mL 0.2 M Na2HPO4 was introduced, and the mixture was incubated at 37°C for one week to grow the HAP nanocrystals. The synthetic HAP nanocrystals were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and FTIR spectroscopy measurements (Bruker D8 Discover diffractometer with the 2D detector of GADDS, Bruker, Karlsruhe, Germany. The experiment was performed at MIT Center for Materials Science and Engineering). Their structural features were disclosed by Ultra 55 field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Carl Zeiss AG, Oberkochen, Germany).
Ling S., Jin K., Qin Z., Li C., Zheng K., Zhao Y., Wang Q., Kaplan D.L, & Buehler M.J. (2018). Combining in silico Design and Biomimetic Assembly: A New Approach for Developing High-Performance Dynamic Responsive Bio-nanomaterials. Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), 30(43), e1802306.
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4

Analyzing Ketoprofen Crystallinity in CbFG-Film

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The diffraction pattern of the CbFG-film was analyzed by D8 Discover with GADDS (Bruker AXS Inc., Fitchburg, WI; XRD). The 2θ scans were performed between 5° and 60° with a scan interval of 0.1°. The crystallinity of ketoprofen was analyzed by changes in intensity of the diffraction pattern of CbFG-film.
Oh D.W., Kang J.H., Lee H.J., Han S.D., Kang M.H., Kwon Y.H., Jun J.H., Kim D.W., Rhee Y.S., Kim J.Y., Park E.S, & Park C.W. (2017). Formulation and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of chitosan-based film forming gel containing ketoprofen. Drug Delivery, 24(1), 1056-1066.
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5

Determining Crystallinity Degree in Polymers

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Example 4

DSC was used to obtain the overall degree of crystallinity. The following equation was used to calculate the percent crystallinity, X:

X = Δ ⁢ ⁢ H m - Δ ⁢ ⁢ H c Δ ⁢ ⁢ H m ° where ΔHm was obtained by integrating the melting peak from the heating cycle, and ΔH°m is the specific enthalpy of fusion of polyethylene. Since cold crystallization was not observed, ΔHc=0. The General Area Detector Diffraction System (GADDS, Bruker) was used to measure the wide-angle X-ray diffraction pattern of the fiber bundles. The degree of crystallinity was obtained by integrating the relative intensities of the crystalline peaks with amorphous halos.

US10344399B2. Gel-electrospinning process for preparing high-performance polymer nanofibers (2019-07-09). Massachusetts Institute of Technology [US]. Inventors: Gregory C. Rutledge [US], Jay Hoon Park [US].
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6

Characterization of Hollow Nanosilica Particles

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The removal of templates from the HNSP and organic functionalization of the HNSP were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR; PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA, spectrum one B.v5.0) by KBr methods. The N2 adsorption isotherm was measured with the ASAP2020 (Micromeritics Instrument Corp., Norcross, GA, USA) to estimate pore size and the specific surface area. The interpore distance of the HNSP was estimated from small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) patterns that were taken with the Bruker GADDS, and from wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) patterns that were taken with the Bruker D2 Phaser. The particle size and inner hollow space of the HNSP were investigated with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) via a JEOL1010 (JEOL, Tokyo, Japan).
Yamaguchi T., Kim T., Park J.K, & Oh J.M. (2023). Time-Dependent Controlled Release of Ferulic Acid from Surface-Modified Hollow Nanoporous Silica Particles. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(13), 10560.
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7

X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of TCR-SLNs

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X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the TCR raw material, other excipients, physical mixture, and lyophilized TCR-SLNs were analyzed by using the D8 Discover with GADDS (Bruker AXS, Karlsruhe, Germany) at a wavelength of 1.54 Å. The 2θ scans were conducted between 5° and 60°.
Kang J.H., Chon J., Kim Y.I., Lee H.J., Oh D.W., Lee H.G., Han C.S., Kim D.W, & Park C.W. (2019). Preparation and evaluation of tacrolimus-loaded thermosensitive solid lipid nanoparticles for improved dermal distribution. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 14, 5381-5396.
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8

Phase Analysis of IVD Samples by XRD

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In order to check the phase changes due to sample preparation, phase analysis of the IVD sample was carried out by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique using a two-dimensional X-ray diffractometer D8 Discover with GADDS (Bruker AXS Gmbh, Karlsruhe, Germany). Three representative samples in each condition were tested. The 2Ѳ scanning range was from 5°to 80°. The measurement condition was as follow, CuK-α radiation: 1.54184 Å (0.154184 nm), Power: 40 kV and 40 mA; Beam size: 1.0 mm (the collimator system allows the analysis of 1000 μm 2 surface areas); detector type: Vantec-2000 (14 cm×14 cm area and 2048 × 2048-pixel density); Sample to detector distance: 15.03 cm; exposure time: 300 s/frame.
A.z.r.i.l., Huang K.Y., Hobley J., Rouhani M., Liu W.L, & Jeng Y.R. (2023). A methodology to evaluate different histological preparations of soft tissues: Intervertebral disc tissues study. Journal of applied biomaterials & functional materials, 21.
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