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43 protocols using sodium hydroxide (naoh)

1

Synthesis and Characterization of Modified Magnetic Beads

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All chemicals were of analytical
grade (AR) without purification before use. For modified bead materials,
ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O)
(LOBA, India), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (RCI Labscan, Thailand), and
zinc oxide (ZnO) (QRëC, New Zealand) were used. Sodium alginate
(NaC6H7O6) (Merck, Germany) and calcium
chloride (CaCl2) (Kemaus, New Zealand) were used for bead
formation. For the preparation of synthetic dye solution, RB4 dye
(C23H14Cl2N6O8S2) (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) was used, and its structure
is illustrated in Table 4. Finally, 0.5% of 65% nitric acid (HNO3) (Merck, Germany)
and 0.5% of NaOH (RCI Labscan, Thailand) were used for pH adjustment.
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2

Synthesis and Application of Zeolite A-Iron Composite

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All chemicals used in this study were analytical grades (AR) without purification. Sodium aluminate (NaAlO2) (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (RCI Labscan, Thailand) were used for the synthesis of zeolite A sugarcane bagasse fly ash powder. To confirm the occurrence of zeolite A, commercial zeolite A (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) was used as a representative zeolite A standard (STD). Ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O) (RCI Labscan, Thailand) was used for the synthesis of zeolite A sugarcane bagasse fly ash mixed or coated iron(III) oxide-hydroxide in powder and bead materials. Sodium alginate (NaC6H7O6) (Merck, Germany) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) (Kemaus, New Zealand) were used for the bead formations. Lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) (QRëC, New Zealand) was used for the synthetic wastewater preparation. For pH adjustments, 1% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (RCI Labscan, Thailand) and 1% nitric acid (HNO3) (Merck, Germany) were used.
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3

Biocellulose Production from Coconut Juice

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Coconut juice was collected from Muang District, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. Acetobacter xylinum came from the Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Thailand. Di-ammonium hydrogen orthophosphate was obtained from Univar, Williamson Rd Ingleburn, Australia; magnesium sulphate from Prolabo, England; and commercial grade citric acid and sugar powder from the Thai Roong Ruang Sugar Group, Thailand. Glacial acetic acid and sodium hydroxide (artificial grade) were purchased from Lab-scan; hydrochloric acid and sodium chloride were purchased from Merck, Darmstadt, Germany; m-cresol purple, indicator grade, from Himedia, Marg, Mumbai, India; chloroacetic acid from Sigma-Aldrich, Burlington, MA, USA; isopropyl alcohol (IPA), ethanol and absolute methanol were purchased from Union Science, Muang District, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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4

Protein Extraction and Characterization

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Maltodextrin, bovine hemoglobin, L-leucine, L-tyrosine, pepsin from porcine gastric mucosa, bovine serum albumin (BSA), Folin–Ciocalteu phenol reagent, and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic (TNBS) acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Acetone, HCl, sodium sulfite, and sodium hydroxide were purchased from LabScan (RCI Labscan Ltd., Bangkok, Thailand). Trichloroacetic acid (TCA), potassium sulfate (K2SO4), sodium chloride (NaCl), magnesium chloride (MgCl2), and lithium chloride (LiCl) were procured from Loba Chemi (Mumbai, Maharashtra, India). Electrophoresis chemicals were acquired from BioRad (Richmond, VA, USA). Whey protein isolate was purchased from ProflexTM (Power Corp. Co., Ltd., Bangkok, Thailand). Threadfin bream (24–48 h after capture) were bought from a local market. Kidney bean protein isolate (KBPI) was prepared as described by Gulzar et al. [15 (link)] with the aid of the pH shift process.
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5

Vanillin Extraction and Characterization

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4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (vanillin, AR grade) was purchased from Fluka Chemical AG, Buchs, Switzerland. Acetone (AR grade), sodium hydroxide (AR grade), hydrochloric acid (AR grade) and methanol (AR grade) were purchased from Labscan, Bangkok, Thailand. Potassium bromide (KBr, IR grade) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA. Chloroform-d (CDCl3, purity of 99.8% D) was purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc., Tewksbury, MA, USA.
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6

Coconut Coir-based Carboxymethyl Cellulose Synthesis

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Young and mature coconut coir were purchased from Chang Moi Sub-District, Chiang Mai, Thailand. All chemicals used in the preparation, synthesis, and analysis of CMC were AR grade or equivalent. Glacial acetic acid and sodium hydroxide were from Lab-scan, Chiang Mai, Thailand, hydrogen peroxide (10%) from QReCTM (Merck & Co., Inc., Darmstadt, Germany), isopropyl alcohol (IPA, Monochloroacetic acid) from Sigma-Aldrich (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany), absolute methanol, ethanol, and sodium chlorite from Union Science Co., Ltd. (RCI Labscan Ltd., Bangkok, Thailand).)
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7

Extraction and Characterization of Shrimp Oil

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Shrimp oil (SO) was extracted from cephalothorax of Pacific white shrimp following the method of Gulzar and Benjakul [28 (link)]. Red kidney beans were purchased from a local market. κ-carrageenan (KC) was procured from Krungthepchemi Co., Ltd., Lat Phrao, Bangkok, Thailand. Potassium chloride, potassium iodide, and sodium thiosulfate were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Acetic acid, methanol, ethanol, chloroform, n-hexane, hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide were purchased from Lab-Scan (Bangkok, Thailand). Gas chromatography standards were procured from Agilent Technologies (Santa Clara, CA, USA). Astaxanthin standard was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
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8

Chemical Compound Synthesis and Analysis

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Zinc chloride (ZnCl2), calcium chloride (CaCl2), sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride were purchased from Lab- Scan (Bangkok, Thailand). 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) and L-leucine, were purchased from Sigma- Aldrich, USA. Glucose and other chemicals were purchased from Merck, Germany.
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9

Comparative Analysis of Canola Cooking Oils

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In the present research work, five different commercially available MCCOs, from the market were purchased, preserved and used in research work. Canola cooking oils were labeled as Kisan (K-1), Kausar (K-2), Talu (K-3), Apna (K-4) and Sufi (K-5). All the oils were observed for their expiry date and shelf life to ensure basic food quality. The purchased oil was brought to the Research Laboratory of the Department of Chemistry, University of Gujarat, Pakistan and then stored in the refrigerator at 4 °C for later analysis. All of the chemicals (absolute ethanol, methanol, and glacial acetic acid) used in the research work were of high purity analytical grade, and they were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid were from Lab Scan and Iso-octane, n-hexane and phenolphthalein were from Merck.
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10

Synthesis of Tellurium-Cadmium Nanoparticles

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Tellurium powder (-200 mesh, 99.8%), cadmium chloride (CdCl2.2H2O), sodium borohydride (NaBH4), 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), thioglycolic acid (TGA) and salbutamol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St.
Louis, MO, USA). Sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, ammonia solution, acetonitrile, methanol and ethanol were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany).
Phosphoric acid and sodium hydroxide were from Labscan (Bangkok, Thailand). Deionized water was obtained from a Maxima ultrapure water system (18.2 M) (Elgastat Maxima, ELGA, UK).
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