Nornicotine

Manufactured by LGC

Sourced in United States

Nornicotine is a laboratory-grade chemical compound primarily used as a research tool in various scientific and academic settings. It serves as a reference standard or analytical standard for the identification and quantification of nicotine and its metabolites in biological samples.

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3 protocols using nornicotine

Substrate Specificity Analysis of NicA2

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Substrate specificity of NicA2 was analyzed by the Amplex Red assay described above, using 10 μM of test compound and 160 nM NicA2 enzyme. Compounds tested were: (2’S)-nicotine-1’-N-oxide (Toronto Research Chemicals; TRC), (±)-nornicotine, nicotinamide, β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), acetylcholine, choline, (−)-cotinine, varenicline, bupropion, (−)-cytisine, mecamylamine (TRC), dopamine, serotonin, (±)-norepinephrine, L-glutamate, γ-amino-N-butyric acid (GABA), (R,S)-anatabine (TRC), (R,S)-anabasine (TRC), and myosmine (compounds obtained from Sigma-Aldrich unless otherwise stated). Activities were expressed relative to the activity found for S-(−)-nicotine run in parallel.

Pentel P.R., Raleigh M.D., LeSage M.G., Thisted T., Horrigan S., Biesova Z, & Kalnik M.W. (2018). The nicotine-degrading enzyme NicA2 reduces nicotine levels in blood, nicotine distribution to brain, and nicotine discrimination and reinforcement in rats. BMC Biotechnology, 18, 46.

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Quantification of Nicotine Metabolites

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Most standard materials were obtained from Toronto Research Chemicals, Ontario, Canada, including the following: Cotinine N-oxide (Catalog No. C725200); Cotinine N-oxide-methyl d3 (Catalog No. C725203); trans-3′-Hydroxycotinine (Catalog No. H92450); trans-3′-hydroxycotinine-methyl d3 (Catalog No. N427492); (R,S)-Norcotinine (Catalog No. N66200); (R,S)-Norcotinine-pyridyl d4 (Catalog No. N662002); (R,S)-Nornicotine (Catalog No. N757000); (R,S)-Nornicotine-pyridyl d4 (Catalog No. N757010); Nicotine-Methyl d3 (Catalog No N412425); (1′S, 2′S) Nicotine-1′-N-oxide (Catalog No N427500); (+/−)-trans- nicotinine-1′-N-oxide-methyl d3 (Catalog No. N427492); (R,S)-Anabasine (Catalog No. A637175); (R,S)-Anabasine-2,4,5,6-d4 (Catalog No. A637180); (R,S)-Anatabine (Catalog No. A637500); and (R,S)-Anatabine-2,4,5,6-d4 (Catalog No. A637505). Additional standards were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO: (−)-Cotinine, (Catalog No. C-5923); (−)-Nicotine (Catalog No. N-3876) and from Cambridge Isotopes Laboratories, Andover, MA: Cotinine-Methyl d3 (Catalog No. DLM-1819).

McGuffey J.E., Wei B., Bernert J.T., Morrow J.C., Xia B., Wang L, & Blount B.C. (2014). Validation of a LC-MS/MS Method for Quantifying Urinary Nicotine, Six Nicotine Metabolites and the Minor Tobacco Alkaloids—Anatabine and Anabasine—in Smokers' Urine. PLoS ONE, 9(7), e101816.

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Comprehensive E-Liquid Chemical Analysis

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The standards of nicotine, cotinine, anabasine and myosmine and boric acid were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, USA). Nornicotine and ␤-nicotyrine standards were bought from Toronto Research Chemicals Inc. (Toronto, USA). Nicotine-N-oxide and anatabine came from Cayman Chemical (Michigan, USA). The matrix components propylene glycol and glycerol were purchased from Merck (Schuchardt, Germany). The components used to reconstitute a flavoured e-liquid sample were all purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, USA). These include diacetyl, acetylpropionyl, maltol, ethylmaltol, vanillin, ethylvanillin, citral, limonene, cinnamaldehyde, transcinnamaldehyde, benzaldehyde, carvone, pulgeone, damascenone, methylcyclopentone, methylcinnamate, methylaminobenzoaat and methylmyristate. The solvents acetonitrile, methanol, acetone and ethylactetate were HPLC-grade and were purchased from Biosolve (Valkenswaard, The Netherlands). Concentrated ammonia 28-30% was obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Water was obtained using a milliQ-Gradient A10 system (Millipore, Billerica, USA).

Barhdadi S., Desmedt B., Courselle P., Rogiers V., Vanhaecke T, & Deconinck E. (2019). A simple dilute-and-shoot method for screening and simultaneous quantification of nicotine and alkaloid impurities in electronic cigarette refills (e-liquids) by UHPLC-DAD. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 169.

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