Solvent-free mechanical milling was conducted by introducing 500 mg of crystalline TBA to a planetary ball-milling apparatus (Fritsch, Pulverisette 7) with a zirconia vessel (20 ml) and balls (10 balls with a diameter of 10 mm) in an Ar-filled glove box. The rotation speed of the solar disc was set to 400 rpm with an alternate milling period of 5 min and a pause of 5 min to avoid overheating. The alternate period of 10 min was utilised for milling time over 4 h. Milled samples were collected and kept in an Ar-filled glovebox. For Fe[Fe]3/4-g, ball milling was conducted for 144 h. In situ temperature-probing during the mechanical milling process was conducted using Fritsch Easy GTM-bowls with Fritsch Pulverisette 7.
Pulverisette 7
Manufactured by Fritsch
Sourced in Germany
The Pulverisette 7 is a laboratory mill designed for fine grinding and homogenization of small sample quantities. It features a planetary ball mill system that uses grinding jars and balls to reduce the particle size of various materials.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Rh 2 o 3, by Fujifilm (2 mentions)
Srco 3, by Kanto Chemical (2 mentions)
Mastersizer 2000, by Malvern Panalytical (2 mentions)
X ray diffraction analysis, by Rigaku (2 mentions)
Jsm 7800f, by JEOL (2 mentions)
Ultima 4, by Rigaku (2 mentions)
Kh2po4, by Fritsch (2 mentions)
Toluene, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Mesitylene, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Irtracer 100, by Shimadzu (1 mentions)
Pulverisette 5, by Fritsch (1 mentions)
Octadecene, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Hplc grade chloroform, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Dowtherm a, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Hexane, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Lithium chloride (licl), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
K2co3, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Na2co3, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Bi2o3, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
88 protocols using pulverisette 7
1
Solvent-free Mechanical Milling of Crystalline TBA
2
Planetary Ball Milling of Mannitol Powders
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Milled samples were prepared using a Fritsch Pulverisette 7 planetary ball mill (Idar-Oberstein, Germany) according to parameters shown in Table 3 . Powders were accurately weighed according to the BPR stated for each powder. The weighed samples were transferred into agate vials (45 cm3 volume) along with 13 agate balls (diameter 10 mm). The vials were sealed with a plastic ring to prevent atmospheric contamination. Non-milled mannitol (F0) was used as a control.
3
Synthesis of Bioactive Glass Compositions
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The bioglass (BG) was fabricated using the melt-quenching method taking into account the Bioglass 45S5 composition reported by Hench et al. [11 (link),36 (link)]. Several concentrations of MgO (1 and 2 mol%) and SrO (1 and 2 mol%) were added to the bioactive glass network (Table 1 ). All compositions (BG, BGSr1, BGSr1, BGMg1 and BGMg2) were obtained by mixing for 1 h at 300 rpm by planetary ball milling process. The starting chemicals were SiO2, P2O5, CaCO3, Na2CO3 and MgO or Sr(NO3)2 (all reagents were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich, Germany, high purity). The mixed reagents were heat treated for 8 h at 800 °C (Termolab furnace, Portugal) to remove the NO3 and CO3 of the initial materials.
The melting process was performed at 1300 °C for 1 h in a platinum crucible. The bioactive glass was re-melted under the same parameters to improve the homogeneity of the samples. The bulk material resulting from the melt-quenching was crushed in order to decrease the particle size and the particle size distribution. The powder resulting from the manual grinding process was milled in a planetary ball mill system (PULVERISETTE 7 from Fritsch, Germany) for 60 min at 300 rpm, using 25 agata balls of 10 mm in diameter in each of the vessels.
The melting process was performed at 1300 °C for 1 h in a platinum crucible. The bioactive glass was re-melted under the same parameters to improve the homogeneity of the samples. The bulk material resulting from the melt-quenching was crushed in order to decrease the particle size and the particle size distribution. The powder resulting from the manual grinding process was milled in a planetary ball mill system (PULVERISETTE 7 from Fritsch, Germany) for 60 min at 300 rpm, using 25 agata balls of 10 mm in diameter in each of the vessels.
4
Tin Sulfide-Carbon Composite Synthesis
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Tin(ii ) sulfide (Aldrich) and super P carbon were mixed in a weight ratio of 7 : 3, and the mixture was transferred to a ball-milling container in an argon-filled glove box. Mechanical ball-milling was conducted with a PULVERISETTE7 (Fritsch) at a speed of 500 rpm for 10 h.
5
Bi2Te3 Thermoelectric Particles Synthesis
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Thermoelectric Bi2Te3 particles were synthesized by ball milling and solid-state reaction method. High-purity raw elements of Bi shots (5N plus, 99.999%) and Te shots (5N plus, 99.999%) were used without any purification. Stoichiometric amounts of elements and zirconia balls with a diameter of 10 mm were weighed and put into the zirconia jar. To prevent oxidation during the milling process, the jar was evacuated, filled with N2 gas, and sealed inside the glovebox. The elements were pulverized by planetary ball milling apparatus (Pulverisette 7, Fritsch) with a rotational speed of 500 rpm for 2 h. The obtained powder was cold-pressed by the hydraulic press under a uniaxial pressure of 200 MPa. Then, the pellet was annealed in a tube furnace at 723 K for 12 h under an Ar atmosphere. The annealed pellet was hand-ground by agate mortar for 10 min, and the powder was sieved under 25 µm to remove agglomerated particles.
6
Synthesis of Lanthanum Manganite Nickelate
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La2MnNiO6 was prepared via solid state method. 0.02 mol La2O3 (Aladdin), 0.01 mol Mn2O3 (Aladdin), and 0.02 mol NiO (Aladdin) were added into alcohol and ball milled (FRITSCH, pulverisette 7) for 6 h with a speed of 600 rpm, and the mass ratio of ball:powders:alcohol was 2:1:1. After ball‐milling and drying in 60 °C oven, the mixture was calcinated at various temperatures (1200 and 1400 °C) for 3 h at a heating rate of 5 °C min−1. After natural cooling and grinding, La2MnNiO6 (LMNO) fine powders were got.
7
Fabrication of Zinc-Doped Phosphate Glass
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Batches of zinc-doped phosphate glass powder were fabricated by mixing specific weights of high-purity P2O5 (42 mol%), CaO (25.2 mol%), Na2O (16.8 mol%), and ZnO (16 mol%) powders in a tubular shaker-mixer. The blended batch was melted in an alumina crucible at 1100 °C for 1 h in an electric furnace. The melted glass was then quenched at room temperature to obtain a glass cullet, ground in an alumina mortar, and pulverized under dry conditions using a planetary mono mill (Pulverisette-7; Fritsch, Idar-Oberstein, Germany).
8
Wheat Waste Pyrolysis for Fe Nanoparticles
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The waste material was obtained from poor-quality wheat (WB) originating from the Czech Republic. Raw organic material was pyrolyzed at 600–640 °C for 3.5 h using the pyrolysis unit PYROMATIC built by Arrow Line in Ostrava Vítkovice (Ostrava Vítkovice, Czech Republic). The product was milled using the planetary micro mill Pulverisette 7 FRITSCH 10. FeSO4·7H2O (purum p.a., MACH CHEMIKÁLIE s.r.o., Ostrava, Czech Republic) was used as a precursor for FexOy NPs. NaOH (purum p.a., MACH CHEMIKÁLIE s.r.o., Ostrava, Czech Republic) was used to prepare 1 mol/L solution needed for pH adjustment during composites preparation.
9
Synthesis of Sr-Ti-O with Rh and Sb Doping
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STO:Rh and STO:Rh,Sb were synthesized via a conventional solid-state reaction.24 (link) The starting materials were SrCO3 (99.9%, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., Japan), TiO2 (99.9%, Soekawa Chemical, Japan), Rh2O3 (95%, Wako Pure Chemical, Japan), and Sb2O3 (98%, Nacali Tesque Inc., Japan). These chemicals were mixed with a small amount of methanol (99.8%, 5 mL) at the required ratios in an aluminum crucible to obtain Sr/Ti/Rh/Sb = 1.07 : (1.00 − 2x) : x : x. The mixed powder was calcined in air at 900 °C for 1 h and then at 1100 °C for 10 h. The resulting powder (1.0 g) was transferred to a 45 mL container containing ultrapure water (5.0 mL) and zirconia balls (10.0 g; diameter = 1.0 mm) for milling. The powder was milled at 800 rpm for different specified times (30, 60, and 90 min) in a ball-milling device (Fritsch Pulverisette 7). Finally, the ground particles were collected by filtration, washed with ultrapure water, and dried at 60 °C for 24 h. In the present report, the samples are denoted STO:Rh(y%),Sb(y%), where y% refers to the quantity of the doped Rh and Sb.
10
Synthesis and Characterization of Sr-Doped Phosphate Bioactive Glass
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To prepare the glass powder, high-purity oxides of P2O5 (50 mol%), CaO (15 mol%), Na2O (20 mol%), and SrO (15 mol%) used as precursors were mixed to homogeneity in a tubular shaker mixer for 60 min. Subsequently, the mixed batches were melted in an alumina crucible at 1100 °C for 1 h, and the melted glass was quenched at room temperature to obtain a glass cullet. The obtained glass cullet was ground in an alumina mortar and then pulverized under dry conditions using a planetary mono mill (Pulverisette-7, Fritsch, Idar-Oberstein, Germany).
The particle size of the so-obtained Sr-PBG powder was analyzed using a particle size analyzer (Mastersizer 2000, Malvern Instruments, UK) and the morphology was observed using a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM; JSM-7800 F, JEOL, Akishima, Tokyo, Japan) with an energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscope. The amorphous structure of Sr-PBG was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis (Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan).
The particle size of the so-obtained Sr-PBG powder was analyzed using a particle size analyzer (Mastersizer 2000, Malvern Instruments, UK) and the morphology was observed using a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM; JSM-7800 F, JEOL, Akishima, Tokyo, Japan) with an energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscope. The amorphous structure of Sr-PBG was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis (Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan).
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