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1 1 dioctadecyl 3

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1,1-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) is a lipophilic carbocyanine dye commonly used for cell labeling and membrane staining in biological research. It fluoresces red when excited by appropriate wavelengths of light.

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2 protocols using 1 1 dioctadecyl 3

1

In Vivo Monocyte Tracking Protocol

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For in vivo cell tracking, monocytes were stained with a commercially available lipophilic tracer 1,1-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide (Life Technologies, Darmstadt, Germany) with an emission maximum of 782 nm as described elsewhere.21 (link) In vivo distribution of labeled cells across the intestine was studied 48 hours and 96 hours after intravenous injection using a planar small animal fluorescence-mediated tomography system (FMT 2500; VisEn Medical, Bedford, MA) as described elsewhere.21 (link) Ex vivo optical imaging of the dissected intestine placed on a petri dish 96 hours after intravenous injection was performed using a whole-body multichannel small animal fluorescence reflectance imager (in vivo FX Pro; Bruker, Billerica, MA). The monocyte migration toward Peyer’s patches was statistically analyzed by first selecting the regions of interest, which were Peyer’s patches observed in white-light images. These images were then overlaid with corresponding fluorescence images, and the mean fluorescent intensities evaluated from these regions of interest. Mice that received unlabeled monocytes served as the control for autofluorescence discrimination.
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2

Labeling Exosomes with Lipophilic Dye DiR

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1,1-Dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethylindotricarbocyaine iodide (DiR; 1 µM) (Life Technologies Corporation) is a lipophilic carbon cyanine dye that can bind lipoproteins in a manner similar to phospholipids and is embedded in the membrane of the biomass and oriented within the membrane. Diffusion movement can be used to observe cell-bound or endocytic lipoproteins under a fluorescence microscope, and this allows for semi-quantitative analysis (27 (link)). Purified exosomes were exposed to 1 µM DiR for 10 min. After incubating with MSCs for 10 h, the cells were washed with PBS three times, and the nuclei were stained with Hoechst 33342 (10 µg/ml) for 15 min at room temperature and washed with Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) three times. The cells were observed under a fluorescence microscope (OLYMPUS) and photographed.
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