Radiance 2100

Manufactured by Bio-Rad

Sourced in United States, Japan

The Radiance 2100 is a high-performance real-time PCR detection system manufactured by Bio-Rad. It is designed for sensitive and accurate quantitative analysis of nucleic acid samples. The Radiance 2100 features a compact design and supports multiple detection channels for simultaneous analysis of various fluorescent dyes and probes.

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Lab products found in correlation

Lasersharp 2000, by Bio-Rad (4 mentions) Eclipse e600, by Nikon (3 mentions) Fluo 4 am, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions) Zli 9557, by OriGene (2 mentions) Toto 3, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Te2000 u microscope, by Nikon (1 mentions) Plan apochromat, by Nikon (1 mentions) Laser sharp 2000, by Zeiss (1 mentions) Volocity software, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions) Goat anti mouse antibody, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Goat anti rabbit antibody, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Alexa fluor 488, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Alexa fluor 594, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) 4 6 diamidino 2 phenylindole (dapi), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Poly l lysine (pll), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Uv 3150 spectrophotometer, by Shimadzu (1 mentions) Avance dmx 600 spectrophotometer, by Bruker (1 mentions) Vp itc microcalorimeter, by Malvern Panalytical (1 mentions) Nadph, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Facscalibur flow cytometer, by BD (1 mentions)

51 protocols using radiance 2100

Quantitative Microscopy of Cellular Markers

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Images from samples were either captured at 400× or 600× on a laser confocal microscope with Biorad Radiance 2100 (Biorad), or 200× or 400× on a standard epifluorescent microscope (Nikon E400). Total E2F1, PSD-95 pixel intensity and MAP2 area in an image were quantified using Metamorph 6.0 (Universal Imaging) while total intensity of PSD-95 puncta and fractions of maximally saturated puncta were quantified using ImageJ.

Ting J.H., Marks D.R., Schleidt S.S., Wu J.N., Zyskind J.W., Lindl K.A., Blendy J.A., Pierce R.C, & Jordan-Sciutto K.L. (2014). Targeted gene mutation of E2F1 evokes age-dependent synaptic disruption and behavioral deficits. Journal of neurochemistry, 129(5), 850-863.

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Confocal Microscopy of Fluorescently Labeled Proteins

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Images of single optical sections were collected on a Bio-Rad Radiance 2100 laser-scanning confocal microscope (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) mounted on a Nikon TE2000-U microscope (Nikon, Melville, NY) using a 100× (1.4 numerical aperture) Plan-Apochromat oil-objective lens at room temperature (zoom = 3). Bio-Rad LaserSharp 2000 software was used during image collection. Images were processed with Photoshop (Adobe, San Jose, CA), and image figures were constructed in Adobe Illustrator. Supplemental Figure S5 shows diagrams of sarcomeres indicating the expected locations of the various fluorescently labeled proteins in Figures 4–8.

Gokhin D.S., Tierney M.T., Sui Z., Sacco A, & Fowler V.M. (2014). Calpain-mediated proteolysis of tropomodulin isoforms leads to thin filament elongation in dystrophic skeletal muscle. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 25(6), 852-865.

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Immunolocalization of Zip4 in Mouse Inner Ear

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Mice were anesthetized by xylazine-ketamine, perfused with saline, and fixed with 10% formalin. Dissected right inner ears were decalcified for 10–14 days at 4°C and paraffin embedded. Transverse 5-μm-thick sections of the inner ear were rehydrated, pretreated with 10 mM sodium citrate (pH 6.0), and blocked in phosphate-buffered saline with 0.05% Tween-20, 1% bovine serum albumin, and 5% fetal bovine serum. The specimens were incubated with rabbit antiserum against Zip4 (1:50; ab117550, Abcam, Cambridge, UK) and mouse monoclonal antibody against tubulin-βIII (1:500; TuJ1, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) at 4°C overnight. The protein signals were visualized with Alexa 488—or 568–conjugated secondary antibodies (for anti-Zip4 and anti–tubulin-βIII, respectively; Life Technologies) followed by counterstaining with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI). Images were captured with confocal microscopy (Bio-Rad Radiance 2100, Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA). Signal specificity of Zip4 staining was determined using intestinal tissue sections from adult FVB mice [34 (link)].

Mutai H., Miya F., Fujii M., Tsunoda T, & Matsunaga T. (2015). Attenuation of Progressive Hearing Loss in DBA/2J Mice by Reagents that Affect Epigenetic Modifications Is Associated with Up-Regulation of the Zinc Importer Zip4. PLoS ONE, 10(4), e0124301.

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Flow Cell Biofilm Formation Assay

Cited 2 times

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Flow cell biofilm formation was assessed as previously described (Kiedrowski et al., 2011b (link), Boles & Horswill, 2008 (link)). Bacteria were grown in 2% TSB supplemented with 0.2% glucose in flow cell chambers for 48 hr. When required for plasmid maintenance, 5 μg/mL Cam was added to the growth media. Biofilms were post-stained with SYTO-9 to detect biomass and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was performed on a Nikon Eclipse E600 microscope using the Radiance 2100 image capturing system (Biorad). Image acquisition was performed with the Laser Sharp 2000 software (Zeiss) and images were processed using Volocity software (Improvision).

Mootz J.M., Benson M.A., Heim C.E., Crosby H.A., Kavanaugh J.S., Dunman P.M., Kielian T., Torres V.J, & Horswill A.R. (2015). Rot is a key regulator of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation. Molecular microbiology, 96(2), 388-404.

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Lipid Droplet Visualization in Caki-2 Cells

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Caki-2 cells attached to coverslips were incubated for 24 h in McCoy 5a medium modified with different concentrations of CoCl₂ and a positive control with 30-µM oleic acid. Cells were then washed with phosphate-buffered saline and incubated with BODIPY 493/503 staining solution (2 µg/mL) for 15 min at 37 °C. Cells were subsequently washed, fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and washed again. The coverslips were mounted on slides with a DAPI reagent (1 µg/mL). Untreated cells were used as negative controls. Fluorescence was monitored by microscopy using a Bio-Rad confocal system Radiance 2100 laser scanner (Bio-Rad, Richmond, VA, USA). The images were analyzed with ImageJ software.

Melana J.P., Mignolli F., Stoyanoff T., Aguirre M.V., Balboa M.A., Balsinde J, & Rodríguez J.P. (2021). The Hypoxic Microenvironment Induces Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-1 Overexpression and Lipidomic Profile Changes in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers, 13(12), 2962.

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Sirt1 and Acetylated p53 Localization

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SiHa cells were starved overnight and then treated with 2.5 μM ISO and 0.5 μM DOX. After treatment for 48 h, the cells were washed with cold phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde at 4°C for 10 min. Then cells were permeablized with methanol at −20°C for 10 min. After washing with PBS, the cells were blocked with 5% goat serum in PBS for 1 h, incubated with the mouse monoclonal antibody against Sirt1 and rabbit monoclonal antibody against acetylated p53 at 4°C overnight, and rinsed with PBS. The binding was detected by the green fluorescent AlexaFluor 488 conjugated to the goat anti‐mouse antibody (Invitrogen) and the red fluorescent AlexaFluor 594 conjugated to the goat anti‐rabbit antibody (Invitrogen) for 1 h. After washing with PBS, the cells were treated with the solution containing 1 μg/mL of DAPI (Sigma). The expression of Sirt1 and acetylated p53 were observed under a laser scanning confocal microscope (RADIANCE 2100; BioRad, CA, USA).

Chen H., Zhang W., Cheng X., Guo L., Xie S., Ma Y., Guo N, & Shi M. (2017). β2‐AR activation induces chemoresistance by modulating p53 acetylation through upregulating Sirt1 in cervical cancer cells. Cancer Science, 108(7), 1310-1317.

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Immunofluorescent Detection of MDMx and ChAT

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Formalin-fixed/paraffin embedded tissue sections that are 6 μm thick were used to detect MDMx and ChAT expression using immunofluorescent detection, as described previously [43 (link), 47 (link)]. Deparaffinization was performed using histoclear, endogenous peroxidase activity was blocked with 3% H₂O₂ in methanol and antigen unmasking was achieved with target retrieval solution at 95°C for 1 h. Sections were blocked with 10% normal goat serum in PBS, and primary antibodies at empirically defined dilutions (ChAT: 1:50 or MDMx: 1:1,000, MAP2: 1:1,000, DAPI: 1:4,000) were incubated overnight at 4°C. Tyramide amplification, described previously [47 (link)], was used for immunohistochemistry of ChAT. Slides were mounted in Citifluor AF1, and for each slide, 10 randomly selected areas at high-magnification (600X) were captured by laser confocal microscopy on a Bio-Rad Radiance 2100 equipped with Argon, Green He/Ne, Red Diode, and Blue Diode lasers (Biorad, Hercules, CA). The images were used to count MDMx- and ChAT-positive neurons in a double-blinded fashion. Averages are expressed as mean ± SEM.

Colacurcio D.J., Zyskind J.W., Jordan-Sciutto K.L, & Espinoza C.A. (2015). Caspase-Dependent Degradation of MDMx/MDM4 Cell Cycle Regulatory Protein in Amyloid β-induced Neuronal Damage. Neuroscience letters, 609, 182-188.

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Immunostaining of Primary Hepatocytes

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Primary hepatocytes were cultured in sterile collagen-coated fluorescent dishes. Cells were fixed in 4% (w/v) paraformaldehyde in PBS for 30 min at room temperature and then permeabilized with 0.5% Triton X-100 in PBS for 15 min. Non-specific sites were blocked by incubation with 5% goat serum and 0.3% Triton X-100 in PBS for 1 h at room temperature. Samples were then incubated with an anti-RACK1 (610178, BD Bioscience) or anti-HDAC1 (10197-1-AP, Proteintech) antibody overnight at 4℃. After washing three times in PBS containing 0.05% Tween 20, cells were incubated with TRITC- or FITC-conjugated secondary antibodies for 45 min at room temperature. Cells were rewashed as stated above, mounted with DAPI (ZLI-9557, Origene, Rockville, MD, USA), and then observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy (RADIANCE 2100, Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA).

Liu G., Wang Q., Deng L., Huang X., Yang G., Cheng Q., Guo T., Guo L., Niu C., Yang X., Dong J, & Zhang J. (2022). Hepatic RACK1 deficiency protects against fulminant hepatitis through myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Theranostics, 12(5), 2248-2265.

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Monitoring Intracellular Calcium Levels

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Intracellular Ca²⁺ levels were monitored using the Ca²⁺-sensitive fluorescent indicator Fluo-3. Flou-3 can enter cells through the medium of lipophilic AM and combine with intracellular free Ca²⁺. The fluorescence intensity of Flou-3 is positively correlated with the concentration of intracellular free Ca²⁺. Caco-2 cells were seeded in HBSS buffer with Fluo-3/AM at 5 μmol/L for 30 min. The cells were washed twice in fresh HBSS and then treated with 0.5 mL of HBSS buffer. Finally, a confocal laser scanning microscope (BioRad Radiance 2100) was used to assess the fluorescence intensity.

Wang G.Y., Shang D., Zhang G.X., Song H.Y., Jiang N., Liu H.H, & Chen H.L. (2022). Qingyi decoction attenuates intestinal epithelial cell injury via the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cells pathway. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 28(29), 3825-3837.

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Primary Cortical Neuron Isolation and Culture

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The cortices were removed from neonatal Wistar rats under sterile conditions, sliced into 1-mm³ blocks in cold D-Hanks buffer, digested with 0.125% trypsin at 37°C in a 5% CO₂ incubator for 10 minutes, and filtered with a 200-mesh sieve. Cells at 5 × 10⁵/mL were incubated in a 0.01% poly-L-lysine (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA)-coated plate. Then, 24 hours later, the medium was completely replaced with fresh medium. From then on, half of the medium was replaced every 3 days. At 8 days, primary cortical neurons were identified as follows: cells were washed twice with 0.1 M PBS, fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 30 minutes, washed twice with PBS, and air-dried. Neurons were stained according to instructions provided by the Neuron Specific Enolase kit (Sigma), and observed under the fluorescence microscope (Radiance 2100; Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) (Yang et al., 2009; Niu et al., 2011).

Zhang Y.B., Guo Z.D., Li M.Y., Li S.J., Niu J.Z., Yang M.F., Ji X.M, & Lv G.W. (2015). Cerebrospinal fluid from rats given hypoxic preconditioning protects neurons from oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced injury. Neural Regeneration Research, 10(9), 1471-1476.

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