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11 protocols using anti mouse cd31

1

Spatial Profiling of T-DM1 Distribution in Tumors

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As
previously described,18 (link),21 (link) the tumor distribution of T-DM1-AF680
was analyzed using fluorescence microscopy at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days.
Briefly, nude mice were inoculated with 5 × 106 NCI-N87
cells in the rear flanks and the clinical dose (3.6 mg/kg) of T-DM1-AF680
was administered via tail-vein injection once the longest axis of
the tumor was approximately 10–12 mm. Before euthanizing mice
at the aforementioned times, Hoechst 33342 (ThermoFisher Scientific,
H3570) was administered via the tail-vein at 15 mg/kg to label functional
vasculature in the tumor.31 (link) After euthanizing
the mice, tumors were resected, flash frozen in OCT using isopentane
chilled on dry ice, and cut for histology on a cryostat (16-μm
slices). Before imaging, slices were stained with antimouse CD31 (BioLegend,
102402) conjugated with Alexa Fluor 555, and mouse antihuman IgG Fc
antibody (BioLegend, 409302) conjugated with Alexa Fluor 488. Microscopy
was performed using an upright Olympus FV1200 confocal microscope
equipped with a 20× objective and 405, 488, 543, and 635 lasers
(Figure S5). Tumor images were obtained
by stitching smaller images with the Olympus software. Images were
exported and analyzed using ImageJ image analysis software as described
previously.18 (link),21 (link)
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2

Fluorescent Antibody Tumor Distribution

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As previously described7 (link),
32 (link), 36 (link)
, the tumor distribution of fluorescent
antibody was analyzed using fluorescence microscopy 24 hours post-injection.
Briefly, 0.7 nmol fluorescent antibody (or 0.067 nmol of J591 anti-PSMA IgG) was
administered via tail-vein injection once the tumor volume was
~250mm3. The animal was imaged 24 hours post-injection.
Hoechst 33342 (ThermoFisher Scientific) was administered 15 minutes before
euthanasia via the tail-vein at 15 mg/kg to label functional vasculature in the
tumor. Tumors were then resected, flash frozen in OCT using isopentane chilled
on dry ice, and sectioned for histology on a cryostat (10-μm slices).
Before imaging, tumor slices were stained for 30 min with anti-mouse CD31
(BioLegend, 102402) conjugated to Alexa Fluor 555. Microscopy was performed
using an upright Olympus FV1200 confocal microscope equipped with a 20×
objective and 405, 543, and 635 lasers. High resolution tumor images were
obtained by stitching smaller images with the Olympus software. Images were
exported and analyzed using ImageJ image analysis software as described
previously7 (link), 32 (link), 36 (link).
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3

P2ry2 Expression in Lung Cells

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Resected lungs from P2ry2fl/fl Cct-cre+ mice and cre-negative littermates were filled up with 1 mL dispase (Corning Incorporated, USA) and digested in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) containing 2 µg/mL collagenase (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) and 0.001% DNAse (Serva, Germany). Anti-mouse CD31 (Biolegend, CA, USA), anti-mouse CD45 (Biolegend, CA, USA), and anti-mouse EpCAM+ (Thermo Scientific, Germany) cells were sorted with FACS Aria III (BD Biosciences, Germany). Subsequent qPCR was performed to evaluate P2ry2 expression.
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4

Endothelial Cell Marker Antibody Panel

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The antibodies used were as follows:
Anti-mouse Etv2 (Abcam, EPR5229(2); western blotting 1:100)
Anti-mouse Erg (Abcam, 9FY; western blotting 1:100)
Anti-mouse Fli1 (Abcam, ab15289; western blotting 1:100)
Anti-mouse CD31 (Biolegend clone 390; flow cytometry 1:2,000)
Anti-mouse VE-Cadherin (Biolegend clone BV13; flow cytometry 1:500)
Anti-mouse Vegfr2 (DC101; flow cytometry 1:500)
Anti-mouse CD62e (BD Biosceinces, clone 10E9.6; flow cytometry 1:500)
Anti-mouse Itgb1 (BD Biosciences, clone 18/CD29; flow cytometry 1:500)
Anti-mouse Meca32 (BD Biosciences, clone MECA-32; flow cytometry 1:500)
Anti-mouse Tie2 (Biolegend, clone Tek4; flow cytometry 1:500)
Anti-mouse ECadherin (BD Biosciences, Clone 36/E-Cadherin; flow cytometry 1:500)
Anti-mouse CD34 (BD Biosciences, Clone RAM34; flow cytometry 1:500)
Anti-mouse Vcam (BD Biosciences, Clone 429 MVCAM.A; flow cytometry 1:500)
Anti-mouse Sca1 (Biolegend, clone D7; flow cytometry 1:500)
Anti-mouse CD41 (Biolegend, clone MWReg30; flow cytometry 1:500)
Anti-mouse CD24 (BD Biosciences clone M1/69; flow cytometry 1:500)
Anti-mouse VE-Cadherin (R+D AF1002; IF 1:100)
Anti-mouse CD31 (Biocare, Clone Mec13.3; IF 1:100)
Uncropped western blotting images are shown in Supplementary Fig. 5.
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5

Multiparameter Flow Cytometry of Cell Surface Markers

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The following antibodies of cell surface molecules were used: Allophycocyanin (APC) anti-mouse CD45 (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# MCD4505, RRID:AB_10376146), anti-mouse CD31 (BioLegend Cat# 102410, RRID:AB_312905), anti-mouse CD166 (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 17-1661-82, RRID:AB_2573170), anti-mouse CD200 (BioLegend Cat# 123810, RRID:AB_10900447), anti-mouse SCA1 (BioLegend Cat# 122511, RRID:AB_756196), anti-mouse CD105 (BioLegend Cat# 120414, RRID:AB_2277914); APC Rat IgG2a, κ isotype control antibody (BioLegend Cat# 400512, RRID:AB_2814702), APC Rat IgG2b, κ isotype control antibody (BioLegend Cat# 400612, RRID:AB_326556), APC Rat IgG1, κ isotype control (BioLegend Cat# 400412, RRID:AB_326518); Alexa Fluor 647 anti-mouse CD9 (BioLegend Cat# 124810, RRID:AB_2076037), Alexa Fluor 647 Rat IgG2a, κ isotype control antibody (BioLegend Cat# 400526, RRID:AB_2864284).
Cells (n=3 with cells from three different mice) were stained with antibodies or IgG isotype controls for 30  min at room temperature. Stained cells were analyzed on a FACSCalibur or BD LSR II flow cytometer (BD Biosciences). Positive cells were gated based on both unstained and isotype-matched IgG-stained cells. Data analysis was performed using FlowJo software (BD Biosciences).
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6

Labeling Antibodies and ADCs for Imaging

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Herceptin (trastuzumab, Roche) and Kadcyla (T-DM1, Roche) were obtained from the University of Michigan Pharmacy. Alexa Fluor 680 NHS Ester (AF680, ThermoFisher Scientific, A37567), IRDye 800CW NHS Ester (IRDye, LI-COR, 929-70020), and CellTrace™ Far Red DDAO-SE (DDAO, ThermoFisher Scientific, C34553) were conjugated to the antibodies following the manufacturer's instructions as previously described(15 (link),16 (link)). Antibody/ADC at 2mg/mL supplemented with 10% sodium bicarbonate (v/v) was reacted with dye at molar ratios of 0.5 (AF680, IRDye) and 1.5 (DDAO) for 2 hours at room temperature and purified using P6 Biogel (1g gel/10mL PBS) resulting in dye to protein ratios of approximately 0.3 (AF680, IRDye) and 0.7 (DDAO). Our previous work has shown that the distribution of T-DM1 is unchanged after labeling with AF680 at dye to protein ratio of 0.3 or less(17 (link)). Antibody/ADC dye conjugates were run on SDS-PAGE and scanned on the Odyssey CLx Scanner (LI-COR) to ensure free dye was removed. For fluorescence histology, antimouse CD31 (BioLegend, 102402) was conjugated with Alexa Fluor 555 (ThermoFisher Scientific, A37571), mouse antihuman IgG Fc antibody (BioLegend, 409302) was conjugated with Alexa Fluor 488 (ThermoFisher Scientific, A20000), and trastuzumab was conjugated with Alexa Fluor 750 (ThermoFisher Scientific, A20011) at dye to protein ratios of 1.5.
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7

Mapping Tumor Antibody Distribution

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Fluorescence microscopy was used to analyze the antibody/ADC distribution in tumors after intravenous injections. Mice were injected with 15 mg/kg Hoechst 33342 15 minutes before sacrifice to label functional blood vessels. Tumors were resected, flash frozen in OCT, and stored at −80°C until cryostat sectioning into 12-μm slices. Tumors with fluorescent hRS7 were stained using anti-mouse CD31 (BioLegend) labeled with AlexaFluor555 for 30 minutes. Tumors that were treated with ADCs were stained with the previously stated pharmacodynamics (PD) staining procedure outlined above and an anti-human Fc antibody labeled with FITC (BioLegend). An Olympus FV1200 microscope was used for imaging with 405-, 488-, 543-, and 635-nm lasers with a 20× objective. Image analysis was performed using ImageJ software.
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8

Multiparametric Flow Cytometry Profiling

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Cell suspensions were incubated for 20 min at 4 °C in PBS containing 1% FCS and 10 mM EDTA with the following antibodies: anti-mouse CD45, anti-mouse CD31, anti-mouse PDPN, anti-mouse CD21/CD35, anti-mouse SCA1, anti-mouse B220, anti-mouse CD4, anti-mouse CD8, anti-mouse CD19, anti-mouse CD38, anti-mouse GL7 and anti-mouse CD11b (all from BioLegend); anti-mouse CD157 and anti-human CD45 (both from BD Biosciences); anti-human PDPN and anti-human CD31 (both from Thermo Fisher Scientific); and anti-human EPCAM, anti-human CD14, anti-human CD3 and anti-human CD19 (all from BioLegend). LIVE/DEAD cell discrimination was performed either by using a fixable BV510 Dead Cell Staining Kit (Molecular Probes) before antibody staining or by adding 7-aminoactinomycin D (Calbiochem) before acquisition. Cells were acquired with an LSR Fortessa (BD Biosciences) and analyzed with the FlowJo (v.10) software (FlowJo LLC) according to established guidelines. Cell sorting was performed using a BD FACSMelody Cell Sorter and the FACSChorus (v.1.3) software (BD Biosciences).
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9

Imaging Antibody Distribution in Tumors

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Fluorescence microscopy was used to analyze the antibody/ADC distribution in tumors after intravenous injections. Mice were injected with 15 mg/kg Hoechst 33342 15 minutes before sacrifice to label functional blood vessels. Tumors were resected, flash frozen in OCT, and stored at −80°C until cryostat sectioning into 12 μm slices. Tumors with fluorescent hRS7 were stained using anti-mouse CD31 (BioLegend) labeled with AlexaFluor555 for 30 minutes. Tumors that were treated with ADCs were stained with the previously stated pharmacodynamic staining procedure outlined above and an anti-human Fc antibody labeled with FITC (BioLegend). An Olympus FV1200 microscope was used for imaging with 405 nm, 488 nm, 543 nm, and 635 nm lasers with a 20x objective. Image analysis was performed using ImageJ software.
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10

Immunofluorescence Analysis of miR-29b Regulation

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Rabbit mAbs to E‐cadherin, calretinin, and FN, were purchased from Abcam and Cell Signaling Technology. Recombinant TGF‐β1 was purchased from R&D Systems. Rabbit anti‐vimentin mAb and anti‐rabbit IgG conjugated with Alexa Fluor 488 or Alexa Fluor 595, anti‐mouse IgG conjugated with Alexa Fluor 647 were obtained from Invitrogen. We obtained DAPI from Dojindo. Anti‐mouse CD31, CD34, CD44, CD49d, CD73, and CD90 were obtained from BioLegend. Anti‐human CD9 and CD63 were obtained from BD Biosciences. The lentivirus plasmid of miR‐29b precursor and negative control miRNA as well as the pLV‐miRNA Expression Vector System were purchased from Biosettica. The sequence of the oligonucleotides used for miR‐29b precursor (hsa‐mir‐29b‐1) is as follows:
CUUCAGGAAGCUGGUUUCAUAUGGUGGUUUAGAUUUAAAUAGUGAUUGUCUAGCACCAUUUGAAAUCAGUGUUCUUGGGGG.
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