2 methyl 2h pyrazole 3 carboxylic acid 2 methyl 4 o tolylazo phenyl amide ch223191

TCDD (>99.99% purity) was obtained from Dow Chemicals Co. (Midland, MI, USA), and it was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and stored in the dark at −20°C until use. Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM; including 4.5 g/l glucose, L-glutamine and sodium pyruvate) and antibiotics (100 µg/ml penicillin and 100 µg/ml streptomycin; P/S) were obtained from Corning Life Sciences (Manassas, VA, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was purchased from Omega Scientific Inc. (Tarzana, CA, USA). 2-methyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (2-methyl-4-o-tolylazo-phenyl)-amide (CH223191) was purchased from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX, USA), and it was dissolved in 100% DMSO. Caspase-3 inhibitor, crystal violet, and all other chemicals were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany).