Il 8 assay kit

The expression level of IL-8 secretion of AgNP- and AgPyNP-treated RAW264.7 cells were analysed by the ELISA method using an IL-8 assay kit (R&D systems, Minneapolis, USA) according to the manufacturer’s protocol.

RPMI-1640, fetal bovine serum (FBS), and antibiotics were purchased from GIBCO BRL (Grand Island, NY). Phospho-specific p38 MAPK and p38, and phospho-specific ERK1/2 and ERK1/2 were from New EnglandBiolabs (Bevely, MA). Stocks of the selective p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580, and stocks of the selective ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 were purchased from Calbio-chem-Behring (Za Jolla, CA). Phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser276) antibody was purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (CST, Danvers, MA) and anti-p-IκB-α (Ser32) from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA) . IL-8 assay kit and TNF-α were purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN). PMA was purchased from Merck Biosciences (San Diego, CA). PMS (phenazinem ethosulfate, molecular formula: C₁₄H₁₄N₂O₄S) was from AMRESCO (Solon, OH). NF-κB inhibitor PDTC, PCN, N-acetylcysteine, LDH, SOD,CAT, and MDA assay kits were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO). All other reagents, unless specified, were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co.