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13 protocols using horseradish peroxidase hrp conjugated anti rabbit igg

1

Western Blot Analysis of ATM Activation

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Cell lysates were obtained separated by 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis under reducing conditions as previously described [25 (link)]. After electrophoresis, samples were transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) [25 (link)]. Membranes were incubated in 5% dry milk TBS-T buffer for 1hr, with vimentin, E-cadherin or N-cadherin (1:1000) mAbs (R&D Biotechnologies, Minneapolis, MN, USA). Phospho(Ser1981)-ATM mAb (10H11) (Thermo-Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) and ATM mAb, (Invitrogen, Rockford, IL, USA) were used to detect ATM expression and activity. The membranes were washed with TBS-T and incubated with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG (1:1000) (Jackson Immunoresearch, West Grove, PA, USA) in 5% dry milk and TBS-T for 1 h. Thereafter, blots were developed with the EZ-ECL chemiluminescence detection kit (Bilogical Industries, Beit-HaEmek, Israel) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. β-actin (1:500) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA) was used for loading control [25 (link)].
ATM activity was assayed via IB of the phosphorylation products, as described using Phospho-ATM vs. ATM mAbs (1:500) [26 (link)].
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2

Western Blot Analysis of NCX3 Protein

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Samples were boiled in Laemmli loading buffer (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) and electrophoresed on 8% SDS-Polyacrylamide gels (Expedeon, San Diego, CA). Proteins were transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes (0.45 μm) in Tris-glycine buffer containing 20% methanol, then blocked for 1 h at room temperature in 5% BSA, followed by incubation overnight at 4°C with rabbit polyclonal NCX3 antibody (1:1000) (Thurneysen, 2002 (link)) in PBS containing 0.01% Tween 20 (PBS-T) and 1.5% (W/V) BSA and 0.05% sodium azide:. Membranes were then incubated for 1 h with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG (1:30,000) (Jackson ImmunoResearch, West Grove, PA), washed and developed with SuperSignal West Dura substrate (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA) and exposed to an OptiChemi HR Camera 600 (UVP Imaging, Upland, CA).
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3

Radiation Effects on ESCC and HUVEC Cells

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ESCC cell lines ECA109 and TE13 were obtained from Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology (Shanghai, China) and were maintained in DMEM medium (Gibco, Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Hyclone, GE Healthcare, Little Chalfont, UK), 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Invitrogen, Life Technologies). Cells were maintained in an incubator at 37 °C, in an atmosphere containing 5% CO2. HUVECs were isolated from human umbilical cord veins using a standard procedure described previously27 (link), and grown in EBM-2 medium with SingleQuots™ (Lonza, Walkersville, MD, USA) containing VEGF and other growth factors.
Cells in the IR group were subjected to a 2, 4, 6 or 8 Gy of X-ray irradiation from a medical linear accelerator (Elekta Precise) at room temperature.
anti-CD31, anti-CD105, anti-CD31, anti-CD105, anti-lectin, anti-α-SMA, anti-VEGF, anti-HIF-1α (Abcam), fluorescein (FITC)-conjugated anti-mouse IgG, and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson ImmunoResearch, West Grove, PA, USA). rh-Endo was provided by Simcere Pharmaceuticals (Nanjing, China).
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4

Antibody-based Protein Detection Protocol

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We used antibodies against ADAR1 (Cell Signaling Technology), Ago2 (MBL, Life Science), tubulin (Merck) and IRF9 (gift from D.E. Levy, NYU School of Medicine, NY, NY). Irrelevant mouse IgG was purchased from R&D. Recombinant IFN-α2b was a gift from D. Gewert (Wellcome Foundation, Beckenham, Kent, UK). IFN-β produced by Biogen Idec (Cambridge, MA, USA) was a gift of G. Uzé. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG and anti-mouse IgG were purchased from Jackson. GM-CSF, IL-4 and M-CSF were purchased from Miltenyi Biotec.
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5

Antibody Reagents for Angiogenesis Analysis

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An anti-chick anosmin-1 rabbit pAb was provided by Dr. Kenneth M. Yamada. The following primary Abs were purchased from commercial companies: an anti-β-actin (clone 8H10D10) mouse mAb, an anti-VEGF Receptor 2 (clone 55B11) rabbit mAb, an anti-phospho-VEGFR2 (Y1175) (clone 19A10) rabbit mAb, an anti-FGFR1 (clone D8E4) rabbit mAb, an anti-phospho-FGF Receptor (Tyr653/654) rabbit pAb, an anti-phospho-PKC substrate rabbit pAb, and an anti-phospho-PLCγ1 (Y783) rabbit pAb from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA); an anti-PLCγ1 (clone B-4) mouse mAb and an anti-Flk-1 rabbit pAb from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX, USA); an anti-CD31 (PECAM-1) (clone MEC 13.3) rat mAb from BD Pharmingen (Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA); an anti-phospho-VEGFR2 (Y1214) rabbit pAb from St John’s Laboratory (London, UK); and an anti-GAPDH (clone 3H12) mouse mAb from Medical & Biological Laboratories (Nagoya, Japan).
The following secondary Abs were used: horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG and HRP-conjugated anti-mouse IgG Abs from Jackson ImmunoResearch (West Grove, PA, USA). Alexa Fluor 594 anti-rat IgG, Alexa Fluor 488 anti-rabbit IgG, and Alexa Fluor 488 Phalloidin were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific.
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6

Antibody Sources for Mitochondrial Proteins

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GW6471 and Atglistatin were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). GSK3787 was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). GW9662 was purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Chemicals (Osaka, Japan). A922500 was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Antibodies against carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2), electron transfer flavoprotein subunit α (ETFα), electron transfer flavoprotein dehydrogenase (ETFDH), Acox1, and VLCAD were kindly gifted by T. Osumi (University of Hyogo) [25 (link),26 (link),27 (link)]. ADRP (PRIN2; sc-377429) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) (sc-365278) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX, USA). Antibodies against SOX2 (#3579), Nanog (#4903), Oct4 (#2890), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH; #5174) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG and anti-mouse IgG secondary antibodies were purchased from Jackson ImmunoResearch (West Grove, PA, USA).
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7

Antibodies and Interferons for Protein Analysis

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We used antibodies against USP18 and AKT (Cell Signaling Technology); STAT2 (EMD Millipore); actin, V5 and Flag (Sigma-Aldrich); SKP2 and p27 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology); ISG15 (gift from E.C. Borden, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH), IFIT1 (gift from G. Sen, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH). The above antibodies are well characterized and are used by many authors in the field, including by us7 (link),8 (link). Recombinant IFN-α2b was a gift from D. Gewert (Wellcome Foundation, Beckenham, Kent, UK; now at BioLauncher Ltd, Cambridge, UK) or was purchased from Schering; IFN-β was obtained from Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA, USA. IFNs were purified to specific activities of >108 units per mg of protein and used as previously reported7 (link),8 (link). Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG and anti-mouse IgG were purchased from Jackson. ALLN was from Sigma-Aldrich.
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8

Western Blot Analysis of Stem Cell Markers

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Cells were lysed and soluble proteins were extracted using the radio immunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) buffer (Beyotime, Shanghai, China) containing a protease inhibitor cocktail and sodium orthovanadate (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX). Protein concentration was determined using a BCA protein assay kit (Pierce Biotechnology, Rockford, IL). Protein samples were then run on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) with 10% polyacrylamide, and electro-transferred onto polyvinyl difluoride (PVDF) membranes (Millipore, Billerica, MA). The membranes were probed with specific primary and secondary antibodies, and developed with chemiluminescence (ECL, Thermo Fisher) using the ChemiDoc Touch Imaging System (BioRad). Quantification of bands was achieved by a densitometry, with β-actin as a reference control. Specific primary antibodies against the following proteins were used: c-MYC (SAB, 1:1000), SOX2 (R&D Systems, 1:1000), OCT4 (Cell Signaling, 1:1000), NANOG (SAB, 1:1000), STAT3 (SAB, 1:1000), pSTAT3 (SAB, 1:1000), MYD88 (R&D Systems, 1:1000), β-actin (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, 1:2000). Species-specific horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson ImmunoResearch) and HRP-conjugated anti-mouse IgG (Jackson ImmunoResearch) were used as secondary antibodies.
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9

Domatinostat Anticancer Compound Experiment

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Domatinostat (4SC-202; S7555) was purchased from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX, USA). Domatinostat was dissolved in DMSO to prepare a 10 mM stock solution. Propidium iodide (P3566) and Hoechst33342 (H3570) solutions were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. (Waltham, MA, USA). An antibody against FOXM1 (ab207298) was purchased from Abcam plc (Cambridge, UK). Antibodies against Survivin (#2808), GAPDH (#5174), cleaved PARP (#9541), and cleaved caspase 3 (#9661) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology Inc. (Beverly, MA, USA). Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG and anti-mouse IgG secondary antibodies were purchased from Jackson ImmunoResearch (West Grove, PA, USA).
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10

Profiling TRAF3 and NF-κB Signaling

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Twelve hours prior to infection, RAW264.7 cells were seeded in a 35-mm dish (2 × 106 cells per dish) and infected for 1 h with the Bp strain (BPC006) or Bt E264 at an MOI of 10. Proteins of RAW264.7 cells were prepared by Protein Extraction Reagent (Thermo Fisher, USA) according to manufacturer’s instructions. Protein content was determined using a NanoDrop-1000 (Thermo Fisher, USA). Equal amounts of protein were separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred onto PVDF membranes (Millipore, Massachusetts, USA) by electroblotting. Membranes were blocked with 5% skim milk in PBST for one hour at room temperature and subsequently incubated overnight at 4 °C with a rabbit anti-TRAF3, NF-κB p65 (D14E12), phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536) and Actin (Cell Signalling Technology, Boston, USA) in PBS (pH 7.6), 5% (w/v) BSA and 0.1% (v/v) Tween-20. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG (Jackson Immuno-Research Lab, Pennsylvania, USA) was used as a secondary antibody for one hour at room temperature. The Gel Image system (Bio-Rad, USA) and Image J programme were used for detection.
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