Glyceryl Tributyrate was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Pair-fed control diet and modified Lieber-DeCarli high-fat diet were purchased from Dyets, Inc. (product number 710260; Bethlehem, PA). All primers for quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were synthesized by Integrated DNA Technologies (Coralville, IA). Primary antibodies were purchased from the following companies: Occludin (Hycult Biotech, Plymouth Meeting, PA); GPR109A (Bioss, Woburn, MA); tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα; R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN); Zonula Occluden-1 (ZO-1) and SLC5A8 (Abcam, Cambridge, MA).
Gpr109a
Manufactured by Bioss Antibodies
Sourced in China
GPR109A is a receptor protein that functions as a receptor for nicotinic acid (niacin, vitamin B3). It is involved in the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
2 protocols using gpr109a
1
Glyceryl Tributyrate Dietary Modulation
2
Western Blot Analysis of Alveolar Macrophages
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Utilizing a RIPA lysis buffer (Solarbio, Beijing, China), the total cellular proteins of the AMs in each treatment were extracted and denatured for 10 min at 100 °C. Through the use of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels, an equivalent amount of protein was segregated and then shifted to a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane. Following incubation with primary antibodies, the membranes were hybridized with corresponding secondary antibodies (1:5000; #SE134; Solarbio, Beijing, China) and then further incubated with enhanced chemiluminescent reagents to make the protein bands visible. The primary antibodies used in this experiment included GPR109A (1:1000; #10076; Bioss, Beijing, China), p-p38 (1:1000; #4511; CST, Shanghai, China), p38 (1:1000; #8690T; CST, Shanghai, China), p65 (1:1000; #4764T; CST, Shanghai, China), PPARγ (1:800; #ab45036; Abcam, London, UK), and β-actin (1:5000; #ab8226; Abcam, London, UK). The band intensity of the images was measured using the Tanon-5200 automatic chemiluminescence imaging analysis system (Tanon, Shanghai, China).
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