Aluminium 3 chloride hexahydrate

Standard compounds including gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechol, chlorogenic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, sinapic acid, syringic acid, vanillin, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, benzoic acid, ellagic acid, cinnamic acid, apigenin, (+)-catechin, esculetin, fisetin, galangin, isohamnetin, isoquercitrin, kaempferol, luteolin, myricetin, quercetin, rhamnetin, and rutin, were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan.
Reagents including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), dibutyl hydroxytoluene (BHT), 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), potassium persulfate (K₂S₂O₈), Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent, aluminium (III) chloride hexahydrate (AlCl₃·6H₂O), β-carotene, linoleic acid, polyoxyethylen esorbitan monopalmitate (Tween-40), trichloroacetic acid (CCl₃COOH), iron (III) chloride (FeCl₃), sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃), disodium hydrogenphosphate (Na₂HPO₄), sodium dihydrogenphosphate (NaH₂PO₄), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and hydrochloric acid (HCl), were obtained from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., Tokyo, Japan. All chemicals used were of analytical grade.

Potassium phosphate monobasic and dibasic, Folin-Ciocalteu’s phenol, xanthine oxidase, xanthine, allopurinol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), hydrochloric acid, tricholoroacetic acid (TCA), Tween 20, thiobarbituric acid (TBA), proline, sulfosalicylic acid, glacial acetic acid, ninhydrin, and toluene were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Japan K.K. (Tokyo, Japan). Sodium acetate, acetic acid, aluminium (III) chloride hexahydrate, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), dibutyl hydroxytoluene (BHT), and gallic acid were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co. Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). Acetone, potassium peroxodisulfate, 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) were obtained from Nacalai Tesque, Inc. (Kyoto, Japan). Methanol and ethanol at analytical grade were obtained from Junsei Chemical Co.; Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan).

Folin-Ciocalteu’s phenol, potassium phosphate monobasic and dibasic, xanthine, xanthine oxidase, allopurinol, and hydrochloric acid were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Japan K.K., Tokyo, Japan. Aluminium (III) chloride hexahydrate, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), sodium acetate, acetic acid, dibutyl hydroxuytoluene (BHT), gallic acid, and quercetin were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co. Inc., Tokyo, Japan. Acetone, potassium peroxodisulfate, 2,2’-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) were obtained from Nacalai Tesque, Inc., Kyoto, Japan. Methanol (MeOH), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), ethanol, and methanol plus were obtained from Junsei Chemical Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan. All of the bacteria strains, including Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis, were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Tokyo, Japan).