Nobori

The following stents in the ROCK registry had durable polymers and were analyzed as the DP-DES group: 1. Xience (Abbott Vascular, Santa Clara, CA, USA), a cobalt chromium everolimus eluting stent (CoCr-EES) with strut thickness 81 μm. (n = 99) 2. Resolute Onyx (Medtronic, Santa Rosa, CA, USA), a zotarolimus eluting stent (ZES) with strut thickness 81 μm. (n = 61) 3. Endeavor (Medtronic, Santa Rosa, CA, USA), a ZES with strut thickness 91 μm. (n = 32) 4. Promus (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA, USA), a platinum chromium everolimus eluting stent (PtCr-EES) with strut thickness 81 μm (n = 80).
Meanwhile, the following stents in the ROCK registry had biodegradable polymers and were analyzed as the DP-DES group: 1. Ultimaster (Terumo, Tokyo, Japan), a cobalt chromium sirolimus eluting stent (CoCr-SES) with strut thickness 80 μm. (n = 44) 2. Orsiro (Biotronik, Berlin, Germany), a CoCr-SES with strut thickness 60 μm for stent diameter 2.25–3.0 mm and 80 μm for larger diameters. (n = 31) 3. Synergy (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA, USA), a platinum chromium everolimus eluting stent (PtCr-EES) with strut thickness 74 μm. (n = 150) 4. Nobori (Terumo, Tokyo, Japan), a stainless steel biolimus eluting stent (BES) with strut thickness 112 μm. (n = 6) 5. Biomatrix (Biosensors International, Morges, Switzerland), a CoCr-BES with strut thickness 83 μm (n = 7).

All patients were pre-treated with aspirin (100 mg) and clopidogrel (75 mg) daily. Dual antiplatelet treatment was maintained for at least 12 months in both groups. In addition, interventional procedures were performed according to the standard clinical guidelines. Interventional strategies, including DCB, DES, adjunctive devices, and pharmacotherapy were chosen at the surgeon’s discretion. Balloon predilatation was performed in all patients with ISR lesions. When kissing balloon technique was needed during treatment of LMB-ISR lesions with DCB, semi-compliant balloons were used. When two DCBs were used to treat the bifurcation lesions, they were inflated in sequential manners. First generation DES included the CYPHER® (Cordis, Johnson & Johnson, Miami Lake, Florida) and TAXUS™ (Boston Scientific Corp., Marlborough, Miami). Second generation DES included the XIENCE™ (Abbott Vascular Devices, Temecula, California) and Endeavor® series (Medtronic Cardiovascular, Santa Rosa, California). The third generation DES included the BioMatrix (Biosensors, Singapore) and Nobori (Terumo Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). In July 2010, DCB (SeQuent® Please balloon catheter, B. Braun, Melsungen, Germany) became available and was used henceforth.

Interventional procedures were performed according the standard clinical guidelines. Interventional strategies, including drug-coated balloon (DCB) angioplasty, DES implantation, and use of adjunctive devices and pharmacotherapy, were decided according to the operators’ discretion. Balloon pre-dilatation was performed for all ISR lesions. The first-generation DES included CYPHER® (Cordis, Johnson & Johnson, Miami Lake, FL, USA) and TAXUS™ (Boston Scientific Corp., Marlborough, MA, USA). The second-generation DES included XIENCE™ series (Abbott Vascular Devices, Temecula, CA, USA) and Endeavor® series (Medtronic Cardiovascular, Santa Rosa, CA, USA). The third-generation DES included BioMatrix (Biosensors, Singapore, Singapore) and Nobori (Terumo Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). The DCB (SeQent® Please balloon catheter; B.Braun, Melsungen, Germany) became available and was used from July 2010.