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Rabbit anti tgf β1

Manufactured by Santa Cruz Biotechnology
Sourced in United States

Rabbit anti-TGF-β1 is a primary antibody that recognizes the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) protein. TGF-β1 is a multifunctional cytokine involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and immune regulation.

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6 protocols using rabbit anti tgf β1

1

Western Blot Analysis of Cellular Signaling

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MCF were harvested and lysed in a lysis buffer. Western blots were performed as previously described [14 (link)]. Equal amount of proteins from each sample were subjected to SDS-PAGE, and then transferred to nitrocellulose membranes. The membranes were blocked with 5 % BSA and incubated at 4 °C overnight with specific primary antibodies: rabbit anti-PCNA (diluted 1:100), rabbit His-tag (diluted 1:100), goat anti-collagen I (diluted 1:200), mouse anti-α-SMA (diluted 1:100), rabbit anti-TGF-β1 (diluted 1:200), goat anti-gp91phox (diluted 1:200) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA), or mouse anti-collagen III (diluted 1:200) (Sigma, USA). The horseradish peroxidase-conjugated second antibodies (diluted 1:5000) (Zhongshan Biotechnology, China) were incubated for 2 h at room temperature. Proteins were detected by ECL detection system.
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2

Quantifying Protein Expression in Tissues

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Total protein was extracted from liver, muscle, and kidney tissues using radioactive immunoprecipitation (RIPA) lysates. Approximately 50–80 μg of protein was run on a discontinuous SDS-PAGE gel and transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane. The membranes were blocked with 5% skim milk in TBST containing 0.05% tween for 2 h and were then incubated with the following primary antibodies overnight at 4°C: (1) rabbit anti-ADPNR-1 (1:500), rabbit anti-ADPNR-2 (1:300), and rabbit anti-TGFβ-1 (1:200) (Santa Cruz Biotech, USA); (2) rabbit anti-PPAR-α (1:200), rabbit anti-G-6-P (1:500), and mouse anti-GLUT-4 (1:500) (Abcam, USA); (3) rabbit anti-AMPKα (1:1500), rabbit anti-Phospho-AMPKα (1:1000) (Cell Signaling Technology, USA); and (4) rabbit anti-GADPH (1:2000, Bioworld Tech). The membrane was washed and incubated at room temperature for 2 h in the dark with goat anti-rabbit fluorescent secondary antibodies (Li-COR Bioscience, USA). The NC membranes were scanned with an Odyssey infrared fluorescence scanner (Li-COR Bioscience, USA). The optical density (OD) of the signals was quantified and expressed as the ratio of OD of the tested proteins (PPAR-α, G-6-P, GLUT-4, ADPNR-1, ADPNR-2, and TGFβ-1) to that of GADPH. The protein expression of AMPK phosphorylation parameters was expressed as the pAMPK and AMPK striped gray value ratio.
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3

Immunohistochemical Analysis of FFPE Tissues

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FFPE tissue sections (5 μm) were dewaxed in xylene and rehydrated in decreasing ethanol concentrations. Following proteinase K treatment (Qiagen, 20 μg/mL, 20 minutes at RT), endogenous peroxidase was inactivated using NOVADetect Peroxid‐Block (Dianova, Hamburg, Germany; 15 minutes at RT) and free protein binding sites blocked with 5% human serum (30 minutes at RT). Tissue sections were incubated (overnight at 4°C) with the primary antibodies, goat anti‐glycoprotein IIb (GPIIb, anti‐CD41, 5 μg/mL), rabbit anti‐TGF‐β1 (10 μg/mL; both from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, California), or rabbit anti‐activin A (5 μg/mL; Agrenvec, Madrid, Spain). Anti‐CD41 blocking peptide (5 μg/mL; Santa Cruz Biotechnology) or non‐immune rabbit IgG were used as negative controls. Antibody binding was detected by incubation (45 minutes at RT) with anti‐goat horseradish peroxidase or anti‐rabbit alkaline phosphatase (0.8 μg/mL; both from Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories, West Grove, Pennsylvania). Chromogenic substrates used were DAB for peroxidase and Permanent Red for phosphatase (Dianova). Tissue sections were counterstained with Papanicolaou.
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4

Collagen and TGF-β1 Immunohistochemistry

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Frozen sections were placed at room temperature for 30 minutes and then blocked and permeabilized in 5% bovine serum albumin with 0.3% Triton X‐100 (Sigma‐Aldrich) for 30 minutes at 37°C. Slides were incubated with primary antibody for collagen type I analysis (rabbit anti–collagen type I; Abcam), collagen type III analysis (rabbit anti–collagen type III; Sigma‐Aldrich), and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1) analysis (rabbit anti‐TGF‐β1; Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and mouse anti‐vimentin (Boster Bioengineering) overnight at 4°C and with secondary antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) at room temperature for 1.5 hours. Fluorescent images were captured by the FluoView laser scanning confocal microscope (Olympus).
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5

Western Blot Analysis of Biochemical Markers

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The specimens were lysed with lysis buffer (100 mmol/L dithiothreitol, 50 mmol/L Tris-HCl, pH 6.8, 2% SDS, and 10% glycerol) containing protease inhibitors. The BCA method was used to determine the total protein concentration. Lysates with equal amounts of protein were resolved on SDS-PAGE, and then transferred to a PVDF membrane. The membrane was blocked with 5% non-fat dry milk in TBST buffer (100 mmol/L NaCl, 50 mmol/L Tris-HCl, pH 7.4 and 0.1% Tween-20) at 4°C overnight. The membranes were washed with TBST buffer and then incubated with monoclonal antibodies against rabbit anti-substance P(dilution: 1∶500, GeneTex, Inc., USA), mouse anti-c-fos (dilution: 1∶200, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA), mouse anti-NGF (dilution: 1∶200, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA), rabbit anti- TGF-β1 (dilution: 1∶300, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA), mouse anti-collagen I (dilution: 1∶300, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA) and III (dilution: 1∶200, Boster, Wuhan, China) at room temperature for 1.5 h. After washing, the samples were incubated for 2 hr at room temperature with HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (1∶8 000) or goat anti-rabbit IgG(1∶5000). The membrane was then washed with buffer and the image scanned with a GS800 Densitometer Scanner. Optical density data were analyzed using PD Quest 7.2.0 software. Beta-actin (dilution: 1∶1000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA) was used as a control.
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6

Visualizing Growth Factors in Dentine

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Conditioned dentine slices were incubated with polyclonal rabbit anti-TGF-β1, mouse anti-BMP2, or VEGF (1:100; Santa Cruz) primary antibodies and gold-labeled secondary antibodies (1:100, 30 nm; BBI Diagnostics), followed by silverenhancing agent (BBI Diagnostics) prior to carbon coating and visualization under SEM. Gold-labeled particles were counted for 5 random fields of 20 µm 2 per slice on 3 dentine slices. Mean values were analyzed with 1-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey HSD.
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