Iron (II) stearate (Strem Chemicals, Bischheim, France, 9% Fe), ethanol, acetone, and hexane from Alfa Aesar were used without purification. Octyl ether (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, France, 99%) and oleic acid (90%, Alfa Aesar, Kandel, Germany) were distilled under reduced pressure. The purity of Octyl ether was controlled by gas chromatography. Toluene (Carlo Erba, Val de Reuil, France, 99.9%) and anhydrous THF (Carlo Erba, Val de Reuil, France, 99.9%) were refluxed and distilled over sodium and sodium/benzophenone, respectively. Copper (I) bromide (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, France, 98%), N,N,N′N″,N″-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA, Sigma-Aldrich, Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, France, 99%), ethyl-2-bromoisobutyrate (Alfa Aesar, Kandel, Germany, 98%), and Anisole (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, France, 99%) were used without purification. Styrene (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, France, 99%) was distilled over sodium under reduced pressure. Methyl methacrylate (Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium) was purified by column chromatography on basic aluminum oxide (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint-Quentin-Fallavier, France). 11-Phosphonoundecyl 2-bromo-2-methyl-propionate (MW = 401.28 g/mol) as an ATRP initiator with a C11 spacer was synthetized in the laboratory, following the experimental method reported by Maliakal et al. [18 (link)].
Basic aluminum oxide
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in France
Basic aluminum oxide is a fine, white, granular substance used as a laboratory material. It has a high melting point and is chemically inert. The core function of basic aluminum oxide is to serve as an absorbent and desiccant in various laboratory applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Anisole, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Styrene, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Pmdeta, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Methyl methacrylate, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Copper 1 bromide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ethanol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Oleic acid, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Octyl ether, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Toluene, by Carlo Erba (1 mentions)
Koh pellets, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Direct quv water purification system, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
2 2 azobis 2 methylpropionitrile aibn, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
N n dimethylformamide (dmf), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Tetrahydrofuran thf, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
N decane, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
N n methylenebisacrylamide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Potassium persulfate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Precoated silica gel 60 f254 plates, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Fujifilm (1 mentions)
7 protocols using basic aluminum oxide
1
Synthesis of Polymer-Grafted Surfaces
2
Synthesis and Purification of Polymers
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Experiments were carried out with ultrapure water (resistivity >18.2 MΩ∙cm−1) obtained from a Millipore (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) Direct-Q® UV water purification system. 2,2′-Azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) (AIBN) (98%, Sigma-Aldrich, Munich, Germany, stored at 4 °C), 2-cyano-2-propyl benzodithioate (CPBD) (>97%, Sigma-Aldrich, Munich, Germany, stored at 4 °C), tetrahydrofuran (THF) (99.8%, Merck) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) (>99.5%, Merck) were used without further treatment and purification. Styrene (99%, Sigma-Aldrich, contained methyl ether hydroquinone as an inhibitor, stored at 4° C) was freshly percolated through a column of basic aluminum oxide (>98%, Sigma-Aldrich) prior to use to remove the inhibitor methyl ether hydroquinone. 1,4-Dioxane (DOX) (>99.5%, VWR Chemicals, Darmstadt, Germany) was stored over KOH pellets (>85%, Merck) and freshly percolated through a column of aluminum oxide to remove peroxides. 3-Vinylpyridine (3VP) (97%, TCI Deutschland GmbH, Eschborn, Germany) was stored and transferred under a nitrogen atmosphere. All other chemicals were used as received.
3
Purification and Characterization of Solutions
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(99%, Acros Organics), N,N'methylenebisacrylamide (99%, Sigma-Aldrich), potassium persulfate (≥ 99%, Merck), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (≥ 99%, Merck) were used as received. n-Decane (≥ 99%, Merck) was filtered three times through basic aluminum oxide (90 standardised, Merck) prior to use. Ultrapure water (Astacus 2 , membraPure GmbH, Germany) with a resistivity of 18.2 MOhm•cm was used.
4
Synthesis and Characterization of Metalloporphyrins
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Commercially available compounds were used without purification. meso-Tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) was purchased from Porphyrin Systems GbR, Germany. Octabromo meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (TPPBr 8 ) was purchased from Frontier Scientific. meso-(Tetrapentafluorophenyl)porphyrin (TPFPP) was purchased from PorphyChem. The free porphyrins were metallated using known methods. 21, [43] [44] [45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50] Mn(III) meso-tetraphenylporphyrin chloride (Mn(TPP)Cl), Zn(II) meso-(tetrapentafluorophenyl)porphyrin (ZnTPFPP) and Sn(IV) meso-tetraphenylporphyrin dichloride (Sn(TPP)Cl 2 ) were purchased from Porphyrin Systems GbR, Germany. Ni(II) meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (Ni(TPP)) was purchased from Frontier Scientific. Analytical TLC was performed using Merck precoated silica gel 60 F 254 plates and for column chromatography Matrex silica gel (60 Å, 35-70 μm) or Merck basic aluminum oxide (60-200 mm) was used.
5
Purification and Preparation of Reagents for Polymer Synthesis
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4-Chloromethylstyrene (CMS, >90%, TCI) was purified by column chromatography with basic aluminum oxide (Aldrich) to remove the stabilizer before use. Divinylbenzene (DVB, m- and p-mixture, >50%, TCI) was extracted from a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (1 M) to remove the polymerization inhibitor before use. 2,2′-Azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN, >98%, TCI) was crystallized from ethanol. Methoxy polyethylene glycol acrylate AM-90G (MGA, –(OCH2–CH2)9) was provided by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd. Potassium carbonate (K2CO3, >99.0%, TCI), dimethylacetamide (DMAc, Super dehydrated, >99.5%, Wako), polyvinylpyrrolidone K25 (PVP, Wako), hydrochloric acid (5 M, Wako), ethanol (>99.5%, Wako), theophylline (Wako), palladium chloride (>99.0%, Wako), hydrogen hexachloroplatinate(iv ) hexahydrate (H2PtCl6·6H2O, >98.5%, Wako), copper(ii ) chloride dihydrate (CuCl2·2H2O, >99.0%, Wako), bromobenzene (>99.0%, TCI), phenylboronic acid (TCI), chloroform-D1 (CDCl3 >99.8%, 0.03% TMS) and other reagents were used as received without further purification.
6
Purification of Monomers and Initiator for Polymerization
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Styrene (Sty, ≥ 99%, Aldrich) and vinyl acetate (VAc, ≥ 99%, Aldrich) were purified by passing through columns of basic aluminum oxide (Aldrich) and neutral aluminum oxide (Aldrich), respectively (to remove inhibitors prior to use them). 2,2'-Azobis(2methylpropionitrile) (AIBN, ≥ 98%, Aldrich) was recrystallized from methanol before using it. Anisole (99%, Aldrich), benzyl bromide (98%, Aldrich), copper(II) bromide (CuBr2, 99.99%, Aldrich), tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate (Sn(EH)2, 92.5-100.0%, Aldrich), tris [
7
Calixarene-based Molecular Receptors
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All the chemicals and solvents, including
carboxyfluorescein (Fcn), N-Boc-1,6-hexanediamine, N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA), p-tert-butylcalix [4]arene (tBuC [4]), pentaethylene glycol ditosylate, potassium t-butoxide (t-BuOK), potassium carbonate, chloroacetyl chloride, cesium carbonate (Cs 2 CO 3 ), potassium iodide (KI), trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), lithium chloride (LiCl), sodium chloride, (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), rubidium chloride (RbCl) and cesium chloride (CsCl) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Taufkirchen, Germany, and used without further purification.
1 H and 13 C NMR spectra were recorded at 500 and 125 MHz in CDCl 3 , respectively. High-resolution mass spectra were measured using a Finnigan MAT90 mass spectrometer. Analytical TLC (silica gel, 60F-54, Merck) and spots were visualized under UV light and/or phosphomolybdic acid-ethanol. Flash column chromatography was performed with silica gel 60 (70-230 mesh, Merck) and basic aluminum oxide (activated, basic, ~150 mesh, 58 Å, Aldrich).
carboxyfluorescein (Fcn), N-Boc-1,6-hexanediamine, N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA), p-tert-butylcalix [4]arene (tBuC [4]), pentaethylene glycol ditosylate, potassium t-butoxide (t-BuOK), potassium carbonate, chloroacetyl chloride, cesium carbonate (Cs 2 CO 3 ), potassium iodide (KI), trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), lithium chloride (LiCl), sodium chloride, (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), rubidium chloride (RbCl) and cesium chloride (CsCl) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Taufkirchen, Germany, and used without further purification.
1 H and 13 C NMR spectra were recorded at 500 and 125 MHz in CDCl 3 , respectively. High-resolution mass spectra were measured using a Finnigan MAT90 mass spectrometer. Analytical TLC (silica gel, 60F-54, Merck) and spots were visualized under UV light and/or phosphomolybdic acid-ethanol. Flash column chromatography was performed with silica gel 60 (70-230 mesh, Merck) and basic aluminum oxide (activated, basic, ~150 mesh, 58 Å, Aldrich).
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