Male cd1 nude mice

Male CD1 nude mice (Charles River, Milan, Italy) were maintained under the guidelines established by our Institution (University of L’Aquila), complying with the Declaration of Helsinki, national and international laws and policies (European Economic Community Council Directive 86/609; Italian Legislative Decree 4.03.2014 n.26, Gazzetta Ufficiale della Repubblica Italiana no. 61, 4 March 2014). Before any invasive manipulation, mice were anesthetized with a mixture of ketamine (25 mg/mL)/xylazine (5 mg/mL). Tumor grafts were obtained by injecting s.c. 1 × 10⁶ U87 cells in 100 µL of 12 mg/mL Matrigel (Becton Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). Tumor growth was monitored daily by measuring the average tumor diameter, and mice were divided into experimental groups when the tumor reached a volume of approximately 50 mm³. The tumor volume was calculated according to the formula 4/3πr³, with r representing the mean diameter. BA103 was administered i.p. in a saline solution containing 10% v/v DMSO and 10% v/v TWEEN 80. Each mouse received 50 mg/kg BA103, or vehicle, three times per week. Previous experiments with the same settings have permitted choosing the endpoint of 21 days considering the maximum mean volume of tumors in control mice that was compatible with no signs of distress [27 (link)]. At the end point, tumor masses were excised and weighed.

Male CD1 nude mice (Charles River, Milan, Italy) were maintained under the guidelines established by the University of L’Aquila, Medical School and Science and Technology School Board Regulations. Experiments on animals have been approved by your local IRB in compliance with the Italian government regulation n.116 January 27, 1992 for the use of laboratory animals which is line with ARRIVE guidelines. All mice received subcutaneous flank injections of 1 x 10⁶ PC3, DU145 or 22v1 cells. Tumor growth was measured bi-weekly with a Vernier caliper (length x width). Tumor weight was calculated according to the formula: TW (mg) = tumor volume (mm³) = d2 x D/2, where d and D are the shortest and longest diameters, respectively. The effects of the treatments were examined as previously described [53 (link)]. Animals were sacrificed by carbon dioxide inhalation and tumors were subsequently removed surgically. A piece of tumor was frozen in liquid nitrogen for protein analysis and another piece was fixed in paraformaldehyde overnight for immunohistochemical analyses.

Male CD1 nude mice (aged 4–6 weeks; n = 64; Charles River UK) were housed in individually ventilated cages with access to soy-free diet and water ad libitum. In preparation for xenografting, mice were anesthetised by inhalation of isofluorane and castrated through a scrotal incision. Castration was performed at least 2 weeks prior to xenografting. Following castration, mice received analgesia (Carprofen; Pfizer) in the drinking water for 3 days post-surgery.

Male CD1 nude mice (Charles River, Milan, Italy) were maintained under the guidelines established by our Institution (University of L’Aquila, Medical School and Science and Technology School Board Regulations, complying with the Italian government regulation n.116 27 January 1992 for the use of laboratory animals). All mice were anesthetized with a mixture of ketamine (100 mg/kg)/xylazine (5 mg/kg) in saline and subsequently received S.C. flank injections of 1 × 10⁶ PC3 and 22v1 cells and DTX resistant strains. Tumour growth was assessed by bi-weekly measurement of tumour diameters with a Vernier calliper (length × width). Randomization was performed when subcutaneous tumors reached volumes ranged between 80 and 100 mm³. This was commonly obtained 7–10 days after cell injection. Tumour weight was calculated according to the formula: TW (mg) = tumour volume (mm³) = d2 × D/2, where d and D are the shortest and longest diameters, respectively. The effects of the treatments were examined as previously described [50 (link)].

Male CD-1 Nude mice (Charles Rivers) were inoculated at 8 weeks of age with 1 × 10⁷ PC3 cells with GCNT1 overexpression. Cells were injected in a volume of 50 µL of cell culture media and Matrigel in a 1:1 mixture. Animals were weighed and tumour volumes monitored by caliper measurement three times a week until the first animal met a humane endpoint.

Male CD1 nude mice (Charles River, Milan, Italy) were maintained under the guidelines established by the University of L’Aquila, Medical School and Science and Technology School Board Regulations. Experiments on animals have been approved by your local IRB in compliance with the Italian government regulation n.116 January 27, 1992 for the use of laboratory animals which is line with ARRIVE guidelines. All mice received subcutaneous flank injections of 1 x 10⁶ PC3, DU145, 22v1 cells or PC3DTXR. Tumor growth was measured bi-weekly with a Vernier caliper (length x width). Tumor weight was calculated according to the formula: TW (mg) = tumor volume (mm³) = d2 x D/2, where d and D are the shortest and longest diameters, respectively. The effects of the treatments were examined as previously described [55 (link), 56 (link)]. Animals were sacrificed by carbon dioxide inhalation and tumors were subsequently removed surgically. A piece of tumor was frozen in liquid nitrogen for protein analysis and another piece was fixed in paraformaldehyde overnight for immunohistochemical analyses.

Male CD-1 Nude mice (Charles Rivers) were inoculated at 8 weeks of age with 1 × 10⁷ PC3 cells with GALNT7 overexpression. The mice were randomised into control or treatment groups before cancer cell inoculation. Cells were injected in a volume of 50 µL of cell culture media and Matrigel in a 1:1 mixture. Animals were weighed and tumour volumes monitored by caliper measurement three times a week by an unblinded researcher until the first animal met a humane endpoint (defined as tumor volume reaching 1000 mm³). Tumors with ulceration were excluded from the analysis. Sample size estimate was based on our recent experience of similar xenograft studies. All animal work was conducted with project license approval granted by the UK Home Office and under the approval of the local biomedical research ethics committee.