Spss statistical software package version 18

Discrete variables were tested using a chi-square test (the prevalence of H. pylori, demographics and sanitation status, and genotypes vs. regions or diagnosis). The difference of histologic score and IL-8 levels between genotypes were tested using the Mann-Whitney U test. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratios (OR) of the clinical outcomes. All determinants with P values less than 0.10 were entered together into the full logistic regression model, and the model was reduced by excluding variables with P values greater than 0.10. OR and a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to estimate the risk. A P value less than 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. The SPSS statistical software package version 18.0 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL) was used for all statistical analyses.

SPSS statistical software package version 18.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA) was used for statistical analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using t test or one-way analysis of variance with post hoc comparisons using the least significant differences t test. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. All data in this study are given as mean ± standard deviation.

Discrete variables were tested using the chi-square test, whereas continuous variables were tested using the Mann-Whitney U and t-tests. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratios (OR) of clinical outcomes including age, sex, H. pylori antibiotic resistance, ethnicity, and location. All determinants with P values < 0.10 were entered together into the full logistic regression model. The OR and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to estimate risk. A P value of < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. The SPSS statistical software package version 18.0 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL) was used for all statistical analyses.

Discrete variables were tested using the chi-square test; continuous variables were tested using the Mann-Whitney U and t-tests. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to calculate the odds ratios (OR) of the clinical outcomes that included age, sex, H. pylori infection status, demographic and environment information. All determinants with P values of < 0.10 were entered together into the full logistic regression model, and the model was reduced by excluding variables with P values of > 0.10. The OR and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to estimate the risk. A P value of < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. The SPSS statistical software package version 18.0 (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL) was used for all statistical analyses.

Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS^® statistical software package version 18.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) for Windows10^®. The findings of the study were summarized in tables, with the representation of continuous variables as the mean and standard deviation. Categorical variables were reported as numbers and percentages, and the chi-square test was used for comparisons. The comparison in this study focused on male and female patients, considering various factors such as age, body mass index (BMI), nationality, smoking status, newly diagnosed hypertension, and whether medication was adjusted in a home or clinic setting. Matrix correlation was used to determine the associations between clinic SBP/DBP and other clinic/home blood pressure variables. The mean difference between the CBP and HBP results was calculated, and Cohen’s d test was used to determine the effect size. Additionally, further analyses were performed to evaluate the difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements conducted in the clinic and at home. Statistical significance was set at a p-value of less than 0.05.

Discrete variables were tested by using the chi-square test; continuous variables were tested with the Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis test. The Spearman rank coefficients (r) were determined to evaluate the association between PG levels and gastric mucosal inflammation and atrophy. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to calculate the ORs of the clinical outcomes by including age, sex, NSAID use, alcohol drinking, smoking, H. pylori infection, and gastritis type. All determinants with P < 0.10 were entered together in the full model of logistic regression, and the model was reduced by excluding variables with P > 0.10. The OR and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to estimate the risk. P < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to calculate the best cutoff, including the area under curve (AUC) and predictive values for discriminating chronic and atrophic gastritis. The SPSS statistical software package version 18.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used for all statistical analyses.