The bone powder fermentation broth was centrifuged at 300× g for 10 min at 4 °C, and the supernatant was collected to measure the total calcium content by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer (ICPOES730, Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA, USA). The total calcium content in the fermentation broth is recorded as ω mg/L. Then, 5 mL of fermentation broth was taken in a centrifuge tube and 25 mL of anhydrous ethanol was added to precipitate the protein and peptide. After centrifugation at 10,000 r/min for 10 min, the supernatant and precipitate were obtained. The precipitate was dried at 35 °C and the calcium content in the precipitate was determined using ICP (inductively coupled plasma), which was denoted as protein/peptide-bound calcium ω1 mg/L. Free calcium content in the supernatant was determined by calcium ion selective electrode (PXSJ-216F, Shanghai INESA Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China), and the amount of free calcium ions is recorded as ω2 mg/L. The content of organic acid complexed calcium in the fermentation broth is recorded as ω3 and calculated based on the equation of ω3 = ω − ω1− ω2.
Icpoes730
Manufactured by Agilent Technologies
Sourced in United States
The ICPOES730 is an Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES) manufactured by Agilent Technologies. It is a highly sensitive and versatile analytical instrument used for the detection and quantification of trace elements in a wide range of sample types.
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Lab products found in correlation
D8 advance, by Bruker (5 mentions)
Escalab 250xi, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions)
Nicolet is10, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Talos f200x, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Vario el 3, by Elementar (2 mentions)
Asap 2460, by Micromeritics (2 mentions)
Jem 2100f, by JEOL (2 mentions)
Supra 55, by Zeiss (2 mentions)
Tecnai g2 f30, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Su8020, by Hitachi (2 mentions)
K alpha, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Spectra 300, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Lc 20at, by Shimadzu (2 mentions)
Axis ultra dld, by Shimadzu (1 mentions)
Sigma 300, by Zeiss (1 mentions)
Merlin compact, by Zeiss (1 mentions)
Pl gpc 220, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Sta 449 f5, by Netzsch (1 mentions)
Tristar 2 3020, by Micromeritics (1 mentions)
Uh4150 spectrophotometer, by Hitachi (1 mentions)
36 protocols using icpoes730
1
Quantifying Calcium Content in Fermented Bone Powder
2
Comprehensive Characterization of Polymer Materials
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ICP-OES measurements were performed on an Agilent ICP-OES 730, while ICP-MS measurements were conducted on an Agilent ICP-MS 7850.
SEM characterization was conducted on a Zeiss sigma 300, or on Zeiss Merlin Compact.
FTIR spectroscopy was conducted on Bruker VERTEX80v or Thermo Fisher Nicolet iS 10 on a range from 400 to 3000 cm−1.
XPS characterization were conducted on a Kratos AXIS Ultra DLD using Alka-ray source (hv= 1486.6 eV). Operation vacuum, voltage, filament current, and pass energy is 1×10−9 mBar, 15 kV, 10 mA and 30 eV.
HRTEM photographs and EDX mapping and spectra were obtained on a Tecnai G20 20 TWIN UEM.
The specific surface area and pore size distribution of FEP powder were obtained using the Brunauer– Emmett–Teller (BET) approach with BSD-660S.
The TG-DSC analysis was conducted on NETZSCH STA 449 F5 using N2 atmosphere. The ramp is 10.00 °C per min.
GPC was employed to measure the molecular weight of PP. The experiment was carried on Agilent PL-GPC 220 with PLgel 10um MIXED-B LS 300×7.5 mm tandem column, using 150°C 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene as the solvent. The flow is 1 mL min−1.
The molecular weight of FEP and PTFE was calculated based on the data provided by Dupont (SSG method), using the formula30 :
SEM characterization was conducted on a Zeiss sigma 300, or on Zeiss Merlin Compact.
FTIR spectroscopy was conducted on Bruker VERTEX80v or Thermo Fisher Nicolet iS 10 on a range from 400 to 3000 cm−1.
XPS characterization were conducted on a Kratos AXIS Ultra DLD using Alka-ray source (hv= 1486.6 eV). Operation vacuum, voltage, filament current, and pass energy is 1×10−9 mBar, 15 kV, 10 mA and 30 eV.
HRTEM photographs and EDX mapping and spectra were obtained on a Tecnai G20 20 TWIN UEM.
The specific surface area and pore size distribution of FEP powder were obtained using the Brunauer– Emmett–Teller (BET) approach with BSD-660S.
The TG-DSC analysis was conducted on NETZSCH STA 449 F5 using N2 atmosphere. The ramp is 10.00 °C per min.
GPC was employed to measure the molecular weight of PP. The experiment was carried on Agilent PL-GPC 220 with PLgel 10um MIXED-B LS 300×7.5 mm tandem column, using 150°C 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene as the solvent. The flow is 1 mL min−1.
The molecular weight of FEP and PTFE was calculated based on the data provided by Dupont (SSG method), using the formula30 :
3
Comprehensive Characterization of AuNBP@mSiO2
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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images were obtained using the JEM-200 EX transmission electron microscope (JEOL, Japan). For investigating the elements distribution, STEM equipped with EDS (Talos F200X, FEI, USA) was employed. The UV-Vis absorbance measurements were recorded using a UH-4150 spectrophotometer (Hitachi, Japan). Surface charges were analyzed using a Zetasizer Nano ZS90 equipment (Malvern Instruments Ltd, Malvern, UK). The specific surface area and pore size distribution of AuNBP@mSiO2 were determined by performing BET tests using a TriStar II 3020 instrument (Micromeritics, USA). Furthermore, the gadolinium ion concentration in the AuNBP@mSiO2-Gd-DTTA solution was measured using ICP-MS (Agilent ICPOES730, USA).
4
Comprehensive Characterization of Novel Materials
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FT-IR was performed on VERTEX70 (Bruker, Germany). XRD was carried out on an Empyrean diffractometer with Cu-Kα radiation (PANalytical B.V., Holland). 1H NMR was measured on Bruker 500 M (Bruker, Germany) with (methyl sulfoxide)-d6 as the solvent and tetramethylsilane (TMS) as the internal standard. Elemental analysis was determined by an Elementar Vario EL III (Elementar, Germany). TGA was carried out on a TGA/DSC3+ thermal analysis system (Mettler toledo, Switzerland). The morphology was obtained by a SU8010 SEM equipped with an EDS detector (HITACHI, Japan). UV–vis absorption spectra were recorded on a U-3900 spectrophotometer (HITACHI, Japan). XPS was carried out on a K-Alpha+ X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (Thermo fisher Scientific, America). ICP-OES analysis was carried out on ICP-OES 730 (Agilent, America). IC analysis was carried out on ICS-1100 (DIONEX, America).
5
Characterization of Material Properties
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The scanning electron microscope (SEM, JEOL, JSM-6490LV, Tokyo, Japan) instrument was used to image the material. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR, Thermo Scientific, Nicolet IS10, Waltham, MA, USA) spectra was used to identify chemical species. The specific surface area, pore volume, and pore size of the sample were recorded by an automatic fast physical adsorption analyzer (BET, Micromeritics, ASAP 2460, GA, USA), degased at 150 °C for 5 h, and then analyzed under liquid nitrogen at −196 °C to test. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Thermo Fisher Scientific, ESCAlAB 250Xi, Waltham, MA, USA) was used to analyze the chemical states of elements. The thermogravimetric (TG, NETZSCH, STA 449F3, Selb, Germany) was used to test the thermal stability of the samples. The temperature-programmed desorption (TPD, Micromeritics, ASAP 2720, Norcross, GA, USA) experiment was used to determine the gas adsorption capacity and adsorption strength of the catalysts. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP, Agilent, ICPOES730, Santa Clara, CA, USA) was used to test the zinc content of the samples, which used argon as the carrier gas.
6
Characterization of HA-FeWO4 Nanoparticles
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Transmission electron microscope (JEM 2100F, JEOL, Japan) was used to detect the morphology of HA-FeWO4 NPs at 200 kV and the crystal structure of HA-FeWO4 was analysed using X-ray diffraction (D8, Bruker, Germany) with Co Kα radiation at 40 kV and 40 mA. The scan range (2θ) was 10–80°, scan rate was 6°/min. W and Fe contents in the HA-FeWO4 were detected using ICP-OES730 (Agilent, USA). Different chemical bonds in HA-FeWO4 and HA were measured on a FTIR (Shimadzu, Japan).
7
Nonspecific Binding of MT218 to Plasma Proteins
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Nonspecific binding of MT218 to plasma proteins was determined by incubating with human serum albumin (40 mg/mL), human, dog, rat plasma, and PBS at 37°C for 3 minutes at concentrations of 50, 80, and 110 μM, respectively. After incubation, MT218 (or gadolinium [Gd]-containing degradants) was separated by centrifugation using a 10 kDa cut-off filter at the speed of 14,000g at 4°C for 30 minutes. Filtrate (300 μL) from each sample tube was transfered to a 15-ml metal free Eppendorf tube, and 9.7 ml of 3% nitric acid was then added. The mixture was kept overnight. Then the samples were centrifuged to remove insolubles and tested by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES 730, Agilent, Santa Clara, CA after agilent) for Gd content. The total MT218 binding to plasma proteins was calculated into the binding ratio.
8
Comprehensive Characterization of Catalysts
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A Bruker D8 Advance X-ray diffractometer with Cu Kα source (40 kV, 40 mA) was employed to determine the phase structure of the as-prepared samples. The chemical constituents of samples were determined on was performed on a X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS, ESCALAB250Xi, VG Escalab 220i-XL) coupled with Al Kα source. Transmission electron microscope (TEM, Talos F200X) and scanning electron microscope (SEM, QUANTA 450 FEG) were used to characterize the sample morphologies. In addition, the elemental composition of the catalysts was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) that was equipped on TEM. Determination of accurate Ru content was conducted on an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP, Agilent ICP-OES730).
9
Comprehensive Analytical Characterization of ONZ
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The concentration of ONZ was measured in a Waters e2695 HPLC system equipped with an Agilent C18 column (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase was composed of methanol and water (20:80, v/v) with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The ONZ was measured at a wavelength of 318 nm, and the column temperature was 30 °C. An ultraviolet–visible light (UV–Vis) spectrophotometer (D6000, Hach, USA) was used to obtain the UV spectra of the ONZ solution. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) were measured using a COD tester (DRB200, Hach, USA) and a TOC analyzer (TOC-VCPH, Shimadzu Corporation, Japan), respectively. The pH of the solution was measured using a Mettler-Toledo pH meter. An ion chromatograph (DX600, Dionex, USA) was used to detect the inorganic ions. The carbon content was determined by element analysis (Vario EL Ⅲ, Elementar, Germany). The iron content was determined with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES, ICPOES730, Agilent, USA) after HNO3 digestion.
10
Comprehensive Characterization of Pd Nanocatalyst
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X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization was performed on a Thermo-Electron ESCALAB 250 spectrometer (Thermo, USA) using Al Kα (1486.6 eV) radiation as the X-ray source for excitation. Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) (ICP-OES 730, Agilent, USA) was employed to verify the exact Pd catalyst loading in the microreactor. The morphologies of the Pd nanocatalyst coated on the surface of microreactor were analysed by using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM, Zeiss Sigma 500, Carl Zeiss Group, Germany). Prior to the observation, all the samples were coated by gold. The element distributions of the samples were characterized by the energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (Bruker AXS, Karlsruhe, Germany). Besides, to more clearly characterize the PEMs containing Pd nanoparticles, we also prepared the PEMs containing Pd nanoparticles deposited on quartz slides, whose UV-vis spectra were acquired by a T6-1650E spectrometer (Persee, China). High-resolution TEM (HRTEM) images were recorded with a field-emission transmission electron microscope (JEOL, JME-2100F) operated at an accelerating voltage of 200 kV.
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