Diazinon

Manufactured by Chem Service

Sourced in United States

Diazinon is a chemical compound commonly used as an insecticide. It is a white, crystalline solid with a mild aromatic odor. Diazinon is designed to control a variety of insect pests, particularly those that target agricultural crops and livestock. The core function of Diazinon is to act as a pesticide by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which is essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system in insects and other arthropods.

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Lab products found in correlation

Parathion, by Chem Service (2 mentions) Atrazine, by Chem Service (1 mentions) Carbendazim, by Chem Service (1 mentions) 125i iodopindolol, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions) Dmem f12, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Alexa fluor 647 donkey anti rabbit igg, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Alexa fluor 555 goat anti rat igg, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Dapi nucleic acid stain, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Rat anti gfap, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Blockaid blocking solution, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Prolong diamond antifade mountant, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Chlorpyrifos, by Chem Service (1 mentions) Fipronil, by Chem Service (1 mentions) Dieldrin, by Chem Service (1 mentions) Dithiothreitol (dtt), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Glutathione (gsh), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Catalase, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Nadph, by Merck Group (1 mentions) β mercaptoethanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions) 7 ethoxy 4 trifluoromethyl coumarin 7 efc, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)

7 protocols using diazinon

Pesticide Analysis in Biomixture

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Analytical standards (99% purity) of diazinon (DZN), atrazine (ATZ) and carbendazim (CARB) were purchased from Chem Service (West Chester, USA). Copper oxychloride (36%) was supplied by Anasac Chile S.A. MBTH and DMAB from Sigma Aldrich (Chile). Other chemicals reagents were of analytical reagent grade and purchased from Merck S.A. (Chile). ATZ, DZN and CARB were selected based on their normal use in agriculture, contrasting solubility and because they have been effectively dissipated in the biomixture (Tortella et al., 2013a, b; Tortella et al., 2014) .

Tortella G.R., Cuozzo S., Diez M.C., Rodríguez-Rodríguez C.E., Durán P., Masís-Mora M., Parada J, & Rubilar O. (2020). Pesticide dissipation capacity of an organic biomixture used in the agriculture exposed to copper oxychloride. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 190.

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Radiolabeled Iodopindolol Binding Assay

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Animals were purchased from Charles River Laboratories (Raleigh, NC). PerkinElmer Life Sciences (Boston, MA) was the source for [¹²⁵I]iodopindolol (specific activity, 2200 Ci/mmol). Diazinon and parathion were obtained from Chem Service (West Chester, PA) and Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO) was the source for all other reagents.

Slotkin T.A., Skavicus S, & Seidler F.J. (2017). DIAZINON AND PARATHION DIVERGE IN THEIR EFFECTS ON DEVELOPMENT OF NORADRENERGIC SYSTEMS. Brain research bulletin, 130, 268-273.

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Rat Neural Stem Cell Assay for Neurotoxicity

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Primary rat embryonic neural stem cells, N2 supplement and human fibroblast growth factor were purchased from MTI-GlobalStem (Gaithersburg, MD). DMEM/F-12, GlutaMAX™, Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline, Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline with Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺, BlockAid™ blocking solution, rat anti-GFAP, donkey anti-rabbit IgG Alexa Fluor 647, goat anti-rat IgG Alexa Fluor 555, DAPI nucleic acid stain and ProLong Diamond Antifade mountant were acquired from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA). Rabbit anti-MAP2 was purchased from EMD Millipore Headquarters (Billerica, MA). Chlorpyrifos, parathion, diazinon, dieldrin and fipronil were obtained from Chem Service Inc. (West Chester, PA).
TSE was prepared by Arista Laboratories (Richmond, VA); Kentucky Reference cigarettes (KY3R4F) were smoked on a Rotary Smoke Machine under ISO conditions (International Organization for Standardization, Geneva, Switzerland). The smoke condensate was collected on 92 mm filter pads, which were then extracted by shaking for 20 min with DMSO, to obtain a solution of approximately 20 mg of condensate per ml. Condensate aliquots were stored in amber vials at −80°C until used. Two cigarettes were smoked to produce each ml of extract and the final product contained 0.8 mg/ml (5 mM) nicotine.
All other chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO).

Slotkin T.A., Skavicus S., Card J., Levin E.D, & Seidler F.J. (2016). Diverse Neurotoxicants Target the Differentiation of Embryonic Neural Stem Cells into Neuronal and Glial Phenotypes. Toxicology, 372, 42-51.

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Assessing Organophosphate Metabolites

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CPS, CPS-methyl, diazinon, azinophos-methyl, parathion-methyl, CPO, CPS-methyl oxon, and TCP were purchased from Chem Service Inc. (West Chester, PA). β-Mercaptoethanol, NADPH, DTT, GSH, DLPC, and catalase were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Inc. (St. Louis, MO). 7-Ethoxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin (7-EFC) was purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA). Carbon monoxide with purity >99.5% was purchased from Cryogenic Gas (Detroit, MI). All other chemicals were reagent grade purchased from commercial sources.

D’Agostino J., Zhang H., Kenaan C, & Hollenberg P.F. (2015). Mechanism-Based Inactivation of Human Cytochrome P450 2B6 by Chlorpyrifos. Chemical research in toxicology, 28(7), 1484-1495.

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Neuroreceptor Binding Assay Protocol

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Animals were purchased from Charles River Laboratories (Raleigh, NC, USA) and osmotic minipumps (model 2ML4) were from Durect Corp. (Cupertino, CA, USA). Diazinon was obtained from Chem Service (West Chester, PA, USA). PerkinElmer Life Sciences (Boston, MA, USA) was the source for [³H]HC3 (specific activity, 125 Ci/mmol), [³H]cytisine (specific activity 35 Ci/mmol), [³H]8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (specific activity, 135 Ci/mmol), [³H]ketanserin (63 Ci/mmol) and [¹⁴C]acetyl-coenzyme A (specific activity 6.7 mCi/mmol). Methylsergide was obtained from Sandoz Pharmaceuticals (E. Hanover, NJ, USA) and all other chemicals came from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Slotkin T.A., Skavicus S., Ko A., Levin E.D, & Seidler F.J. (2019). PERINATAL DIAZINON EXPOSURE COMPROMISES THE DEVELOPMENT OF ACETYLCHOLINE AND SEROTONIN SYSTEMS. Toxicology, 424, 152240.

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Quantification of Diazinon and Metabolites

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Diazinon, Diazinon-O-analog (diazoxon) and 2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol (pyrimidinol) standards (purity > 98%) purchased from Chem service (West Chester, PA, U.S.A.). Methimazole (MZ) and piperonyl butoxide (PB) were from Macklin® (Shanghai, China). Ethyl acetate and methanol were of HPLC grade and from Burdick and Jackson® (Seoul, Korea). Anhydrous sodium sulfate and sodium chloride were obtained from Junsei (Tokyo, Japan). Potato dextrose agar (PDA) and potato dextrose broth (PDB) were supplied by BD Korea (Seoul, Korea). All other chemicals were of reagent grade and of the highest purity available.

Zhao M.A., Gu H., Zhang C.J., Jeong I.H., Kim J.H, & Zhu Y.Z. (2020). Metabolism of insecticide diazinon by Cunninghamella elegans ATCC36112. RSC Advances, 10(33), 19659-19668.

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Adipocyte Differentiation Assay with Diazinon

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Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), antibiotics (penicillin and streptomycin), fetal bovine serum (FBS), and 0.25% trypsin were purchased from GE Healthcare Life Sciences (Logan, Utah). Insulin, dexamethasone (DEX),3-isobutyl-1- methylxanthine (IBMX), protease inhibitor cocktail, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Diazinon (Cas: 33–41-5,) was purchased from Chem Service with a purity of 99.2% (West Chester, PA). The name of International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is O,O-Diethyl O-[4-methyl-6-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl] phosphorothioate.

Smith A., Yu X, & Yin L. (2018). Diazinon exposure activated transcriptional factors CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins α (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and induced adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Pesticide biochemistry and physiology, 150, 48-58.

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