Sodium alginate (SA) and polyvinyl oxide (PEO) were purchased from Hefei Bomei Biological Technology Co., Ltd. Multi-void ceramic nanomaterials were purchased from Wuhu Gefeng Co., Ltd. As(III) stock solution was prepared from sodium arsenite (NaAsO2, guaranteeing 99.9% reagent grade, Hubei Hengjingrui Chemical Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China). Lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2, Guaranteed Reagent Grade 99%, Aladdin Co., Shanghai, China) was used to prepare Pb(II) stock solution; Zn(II) stock solution was prepared from zinc nitrate hexahydrate (N2O6Zn·6H2O, Reagent Grade 99%, Aladdin Corporation, Shanghai, China). All other reagents (HCl, Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, HNO3, NH4OH, acetone, etc.) were used without further purification.
Instruments were as follows: acidity meter (Starter 3100); coolable thermostatic vibrating screen (IS-RDD3) for temperature regulation and control; low-speed centrifuge (SC-3610); inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICAP 7000 Series, Thermo Fisher, USA) used to determine the concentrations of As(III), Pb(II), and Zn(II) after adsorption; S-4800 scanning electron microscope (SEM, Hitachi, Japan); in situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NEXSA, Thermo Fisher, USA); Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (Thermo Fisher, USA).
Instruments were as follows: acidity meter (Starter 3100); coolable thermostatic vibrating screen (IS-RDD3) for temperature regulation and control; low-speed centrifuge (SC-3610); inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICAP 7000 Series, Thermo Fisher, USA) used to determine the concentrations of As(III), Pb(II), and Zn(II) after adsorption; S-4800 scanning electron microscope (SEM, Hitachi, Japan); in situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NEXSA, Thermo Fisher, USA); Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (Thermo Fisher, USA).