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5 protocols using anti msh2

1

IHC Staining of Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Sections

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IHC staining was performed on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections (4 µm) according to a standard protocol. Briefly, sections were deparaffinized with xylene twice for 10 min and rehydrated with 100% ethanol twice for 5 min, 95% ethanol twice for 2 min and 85% ethanol for 2 min, then washed in deionized H2O for 1 min at room temperature with stirring. Subsequently, sections were treated with 3% H2O2 at room temperature for 10 min and subjected to antigen retrieval by citrate buffer (pH 6.0) at 98°C for 15 min. Following blocking with 5% bovine serum albumin for 20 min at room temperature, the sections were incubated at 4°C overnight with anti-USP10 (1:250; cat. no. ab109219; Abcam, Cambridge, UK) and anti-MSH2, (cat. no. ZA-0622; ready-to-use; OriGene Technologies, Inc., Beijing, China) primary antibodies. The sections were incubated with biotinylated antibodies and horseradish peroxidase-labeled streptavidin [Ready-to-use; UltraSensitive™ SP (Mouse/Rabbit) IHC kit-9710; Fuzhou Maixin Biotech Co., Ltd., China] for 15 min each at room temperature. The reaction products were visualized with 3,3′-diaminobenzidine as a chromogen followed by counterstaining with hematoxylin at room temperature for 1 min. The sections without primary antibody served as a negative control (18 (link)).
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2

Protocols for Triptolide and Minnelide Assays

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A549, NCI-H2009, NCI-H460, H1299 and BEAS-2B were obtained from ATCC. HCT116 cells (p53+/+ and p53-/-) were a gift from Dr. Bert Vogelstein (John Hopkins Institute, Baltimore, USA). Myc-tagged Sirt3 plasmids were kind gift from Dr. Toren Finkel (NHLBI, NIH, Bethesda, MD). P53 expression plasmids has been described before [41 (link)].Antibodies used were: β-actin, p53-DO1, NRF2, Citrate Synthase and HO-1 from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA); Anti-hNDFA9, Anti-SDHA, Anti-NQO1; Anti-MSH2 and anti-Cox IV from Abcam, USA; Anti-acetylated lysine and SIRT3 antibodies from Cell Signaling, USA; Anti-SOD2 antibody from Millipore, USA; Anti-SKP2 from Bethyl Laboratory, USA. Chemicals related to complexes assays, MG132, Cycloheximide and Mito-TEMPO were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, US. Stock solution of MG132 and mito-TEMPO were prepared in DMSO (20 mM), whereas for cycloheximde 50 μg/ml solution was prepared in DMSO.
Triptolide (TL) was purchased from Calbiochem, NJ, USA and was dissolved in Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) to a stock solution of 1 mg/ml. Minnelide was a gift of Dr. Ashok Saluja (University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN). Cells were stimulated with indicated doses of TL in complete media. DMSO alone was also included to serve as a control.
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Western Blot Protein Analysis Protocol

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Cells were lysed in a buffer containing 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5), 200 mM NaCl, 5% Tween-20, 2% Igepal CA-630, 2 mM PMSF, 50 mM β-glycerophosphate (Merck) and protease inhibitor cocktail tablet (cOmplete Mini, Roche Diagnostics). Equal amounts of lysates were loaded into precast mini-gels (Invitrogen) and resolved by SDS–PAGE. Transfer of proteins onto nitrocellulose membranes and incubation with primary/secondary antibodies were performed according to standard procedures. Visualization of protein bands was achieved by fluorescence imaging on the Odyssey Clx system (LI-COR Biosciences). Antibodies and dilutions used were as follows: anti-WRN (1:5,000, Novus), anti-pKAP1 (Bethyl Laboratories, 1:100), anti-tubulin (1:5,000, sigma), anti-MLH1 (Cell Signaling Technology, 3515, 1:1,000), anti-MSH2 (Abcam, ab52266, 1:1,000), anti-GAPDH (Cell Signaling Technology, 5174, 1:5,000), IRDye 680RD Goat anti-Mouse IgG (1:2,000, LI-COR Biosciences), IRDye 800CW Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (1:2,000, LI-COR Biosciences), Goat anti-Rabbit Alexa Fluor 647 (ThermoFisher, A27040, 1:5,000).
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Colon Cancer Biomarker Analysis Protocol

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As described previously11 (link). WB analysis was performed by using the whole-cell lysates (30 μg per well) of the colonic mucosal stripping of TgM9 and their WT littermates’ mice with and without CAC. The primary antibodies used were anti-MMP9 (Cell Signaling, Beverly, MA, USA), anti-γH2AX (Abcam), anti-MDC1 (Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO), anti-MLH1 (Abcam), anti-MSH2 (Abcam), and anti-PCNA (Abcam). Goat anti-mouse secondary antibody (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) or goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody (Abcam) were used. Anti-GAPDH (Abcam) or anti-β actin (Sigma) antibodies were used as the WB loading controls. Bio-Rad Quantity One software was used for densitometry analysis.
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5

Immunohistochemical Protein Expression Analysis

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IHC for MLH1, MSH2, XRCC5 (Ku80), Polκ, p53 and ki67 was carried out according to MacDonald et al. (22) . The sections were incubated with the following primary antibodies, all purchased from Abcam: anti-MLH1 (1:100), anti-MSH2 (1:200), anti-XRCC5 (1:200), anti-DNA Polymerase Kappa (1:300), anti-p53 (1:250) and anti-Ki67 (1:100) and then incubated with appropriate secondary antibodies (Spring). Diaminobenzidine (DAB) was used as chromogen and the sections were counterstained with haematoxylin. Five hot spot elds containing at least 200 cells were captured and the positive cells were counted using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD). Protein expression was evaluated using QuickScore (QS) and two observers scored all samples independently and blinded (22) .
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