5 5 6 6 tetrachloro 1

1, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-D-ribofurano-side (AICAR); 1-dimethylbiguanide (metformin); 5,5′, 6,6′-tetrachloro-1; 1′, 3,3′-tetraethyl-imidacarbocyanine iodide (JC-1); rosiglitazone; carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP); adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) disodium salt hydrate; adenosine 5′-diphosphate sodium salt (ADP); 8-bromoadenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (AMP); Glucose (GO) assay kits were purchase from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). 6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy) phenyl)-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo (1, 5-a) pyrimidine (compound C) was purchased from Merck Millipore (Darmstadt, Germany). Antibodies against AMPKa, AMPKa1, phosphor-AMPKa (Thr 172), GLUT-4, ACC, phosphor-ACC (Ser79), GAPDH were purchase from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). MyoD and myogenin antibodies were got from abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). The MTT cell proliferation and cytotoxicity assay kits were obtained from the Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology (Jiangsu, China). The lactate assay kit was obtained from the Nanjing Jiancheng Biongineering Institute (JiangSu, China).

N‐acetylcysteine (NAC), Hoechst 33342 stain, 3‐(4, 5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2, 5‐diphenyl‐2‐H‐tetrazolium bromide (MTT), 5, 5′, 6, 6′‐tetrachloro‐1, 1′, 3, 3′‐tetraethyl‐imidacarbocyanine iodide (JC‐1), and carbonyl cyanide 3‐chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich (St. Louis, USA). ERL was purchased from Sigma Chemicals and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to produce a stock solution. A working solution was diluted from the stock solution using cell culture medium. All antibodies were purchased from (Sigma‐Aldrich, St. Louis, USA).