D f medium

HEK293T cells (embryonic kidney cells stably expressing the SV40 large T antigen) and PK-8 cells (pancreatic carcinoma cells) were obtained from RIKEN BioResource Center (Tsukuba, Japan). A-431 cells (epidermoid carcinoma cells) and pancreatic cancer cell lines (PL45, AsPC-1, PANC-1, and BxPC-3) were obtained from ATCC (Rockville, MD, USA). Wild-type (WT) and RAGE^−/− mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were provided by Professor Yasuhiko Yamamoto (Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan). MyD88^−/− mouse fibroblasts were isolated from the resected lung of an MyD88^−/− mouse (Oriental BioService, Kyoto, Japan). To stabilize the cell phenotype and avoid cellular senescence, the prepared primary mouse fibroblasts (WT, RAGE^−/−, and MyD88^−/−) were all immortalized in an autonomous manner through repeated passaging in cell culture. These human and mouse cells were all cultivated in D/F medium (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) supplemented with 10% FBS.

HEK293T cells (embryonic kidney cells stably expressing the SV40 large T antigen) and PK-8 cells (pancreatic carcinoma cells) were obtained from RIKEN BioResource Center (Tsukuba, Japan). Another human pancreatic cancer cell line, PANC-1, was obtained from ATCC (Manassas, VA, USA). Normal human OUMS-24 fibroblasts were established by Dr. Masayoshi Namba20 (link). Wild-type (WT) and RAGE^−/− mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were provided by Professor Yasuhiko Yamamoto (Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan). To stabilize the cell phenotype and avoid cellular senescence, the prepared primary mouse fibroblasts (WT and RAGE^−/−) were all immortalized in an autonomous manner through repeated passaging in cell culture21 . These human and mouse cells were all cultivated in D/F medium (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) supplemented with 10% FBS.

The following two human melanoma cell lines established from the same patient were used: WM-115 (derived from the primary tumor; ATCC, Rockville, MD, USA) and WM-266-4 (derived from a metastatic site; ATCC). These cell lines were cultivated in D/F medium (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Intergen, Purchase, NY, USA). Talniflumate, a novel and specific inhibitor of GCNT37 (link), and cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein translation, were purchased from commercial sources, Tokyo Chemical Industry (Tokyo, Japan) and Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), respectively.