4 2 hydroxyethyl 1 piperazine propanesulfonic acid epps

Manufactured by Merck Group

4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazine propanesulfonic acid (EPPS) is a chemical compound commonly used as a buffer solution in biochemical and cell culture applications. It maintains a stable pH range and helps to regulate the acidity or basicity of a solution. EPPS is a zwitterionic compound that can act as both an acid and a base, making it suitable for maintaining a variety of pH environments.

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Piperazine

4 protocols using 4 2 hydroxyethyl 1 piperazine propanesulfonic acid epps

Synthesis and Characterization of Gold Nanoparticles

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Gold(III) chloride trihydrate (HAuCl₄3H₂O), 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazine propanesulfonic acid (EPPS), and 6-mercaptohexanoic acid (6-MHA) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium nitrate (NaNO₃), and ethanol were purchased from Fisher Scientific. Ultrapure water (18.2 MΩ·cm⁻¹) was obtained from a Barnstead Nanopure System (Dubuque, IA) and used throughout this study. All glassware were cleaned using aqua regia (3:1 HCl/HNO₃) and rinsed with water before drying in the oven.

Xi W., Phan H.T, & Haes A.J. (2018). How to Accurately Predict Solution-phase Gold Nanostar Stability. Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 410(24), 6113-6123.

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Lipid Membrane Components Characterization

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LCMS-grade water (Optima) was purchased from
Thermo Fisher Scientific and used in all experiments unless otherwise
reported. Amino acids (AAs: tryptophan (Trp), arginine (Arg), valine
(Val), histidine (His), lysine (Lys), glutamine (Gln), asparagine
(Asn)) and 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinepropane-sulfonic acid (EPPS)
were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Oleic acid and
octanoic acid were purchased from Nu-Chek Prep (Elysian, MN). The
phospholipid 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
(POPC) was purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids. The phospholipids N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)-1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (NBD-PE) and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanol-amine-N-(Lissamine
Rhodamine B sulfonyl) (ammonium salt) (Liss Rh-PE) were purchased
from Life Technologies (Grand Island, NY). RNA (HPLC purified) was
purchased from Integrated DNA Technologies (IDT, Coralville, IA). N^α-Oleoylarginine (Ol-Arg) was prepared
following a previously reported protocol.^{49 (link)}

Izgu E.C., Björkbom A., Kamat N.P., Lelyveld V.S., Zhang W., Jia T.Z, & Szostak J.W. (2016). N-Carboxyanhydride-Mediated Fatty Acylation of Amino Acids and Peptides for Functionalization of Protocell Membranes. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 138(51), 16669-16676.

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Phospholipid Profiling in Mouse Organs

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Phospholipid standards for the assignment of phospholipid signals in the ³¹P NMR experiments on the mouse organs (the brain, liver, and kidney) and the human lymphoblast samples were the same as in the previous report on the mouse heart and are summarized therein (Kimura et al, 2018 (link)). Detergents: SDS and sodium cholate hydrate used to dissolve lipids in water for ³¹P NMR measurements were from Bioshop Canada and Sigma-Aldrich, respectively. SDS was used regularly in the phospholipid quantification, whereas cholate was used to confirm the absence of a detectable level of lysoplasmalogen (Kimura et al, 2018 (link)). Buffer: MES hydrate and 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinepropanesulfonic acid (EPPS) used to prepare the buffered (at pH = 6.0 and 8.5, respectively) SDS micellar solution were from Sigma-Aldrich and Sigma. EDTA and cesium hydroxide hydrate or a cesium hydroxide solution used to prepare the Cs-EDTA aqueous solution to homogenize the mouse organs and the human lymphoblast were from Sigma-Aldrich. An antioxidant, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) was from Sigma-Aldrich. Solvent: methanol (HPLC grade) and chloroform (HPLC grade) were from Sigma-Aldrich. NMR solvent deuterium oxide (99.9 atom %D) was from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories.

Kimura T., Kimura A.K., Ren M., Monteiro V., Xu Y., Berno B., Schlame M, & Epand R.M. (2019). Plasmalogen loss caused by remodeling deficiency in mitochondria. Life Science Alliance, 2(4), e201900348.

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Quantification of Insoluble Amyloid-Beta

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4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinepropanesulfonic acid (EPPS), donepezil hydrochloride monohydrate, thioflavin-S, and protease inhibitor cocktail were from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Deionized water was generated by a Milli-Q plus from Millipore (Bedford, MA). A RIPA buffer and phosphate buffered saline (PBS buffer) were purchased from ThermoFisher. (Roxkford, IL). Immunoassay kits for insoluble fraction of Aβ quantifications were used from Invitrogen (KHB3442, Camarillo, CA).

Kim H.Y., Kim H.V., Lee D.K., Yang S.H, & Kim Y. (2016). Rapid and sustained cognitive recovery in APP/PS1 transgenic mice by co-administration of EPPS and donepezil. Scientific Reports, 6, 34165.

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