Sodium borohydride (NaBH4), chlorauric acid (HAuCl4·3H2O), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), sodium citrate, silver nitrate (AgNO3), L-ascorbic acid (AA), poly(sodium-p-styrenesulfate) (PSS, molecular weight: 70,000), poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDDAC, 20%), and potassium tetrachloropalladate(II) (K2PdCl4) were purchased from Alfa Aesar and used as received. 4-Oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-d16-1-oxyl (15N-PDT) was purchased from Cambridge Isotope Labs (Andover, MA). 5-tert-Butoxycarbonyl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (BMPO) was purchased from Bioanalytical Labs (Sarasota, FL). Dimeglumine gadopentetate injection (Gds) is from BEILU Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd (Beijing, China). 3-Carbamoyl-2,5-dihydro-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yloxyl (CTPO), 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidine (TEMP), sodium chloride (NaCl), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), sodium hydrate (NaOH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and sodium azide (NaN3) were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Milli-Q water (18 MΩ cm) was used for preparation of all solutions.
Sodium borohydride
Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, Germany, China, Belgium, United Kingdom, France
Sodium borohydride is a chemical compound commonly used as a reducing agent in various laboratory applications. It is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in water and other polar solvents. Sodium borohydride is known for its ability to selectively reduce carbonyl compounds, such as aldehydes and ketones, to alcohols. It is frequently employed in organic synthesis, biochemical assays, and other experimental procedures that require a mild and controllable reducing agent.
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Lab products found in correlation
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (15 mentions)
Ethanol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (10 mentions)
Silver nitrate, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (9 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (9 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (7 mentions)
N hexane, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (6 mentions)
Hplc grade methanol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (6 mentions)
Acetic acid, by Carl Roth (6 mentions)
Gold 3 chloride trihydrate, by Merck Group (5 mentions)
Silver nitrate, by Merck Group (5 mentions)
2 propanol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (5 mentions)
Restriction enzyme, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (5 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (4 mentions)
4 nitrophenol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (4 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Tetraethyl orthosilicate, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Ethanol, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Acetic anhydride, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Methanol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (4 mentions)
Toluene, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (4 mentions)
106 protocols using sodium borohydride
1
Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles
2
Synthesis of Novel Nanomaterials
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Sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 98%), anatase (TiO2, 99.8%), and rutile (TiO2, 99.8%) were purchased from Aladdin Company. Poly(vinyl alcohol) [PVA; molecular weight (Mw), 10,000; 80% hydrolyzed] was purchased from Aldrich. P25 (TiO2) was purchased from Evonik Degussa. Hydrogen terachloroaurate (IV) hydrate (HAuCl4·4H2O), ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4; 99.95%), sodium borohydride (NaBH4; 98%), silver nitrate (AgNO3; 99.8%), and copper(II) nitrate hemi(pentahydrate) [Cu(NO3)2·5H2O; 98%] were purchased from Alfa Aesar. The gold samples of RR2Ti and RR2Ce-2 were supplied by Haruta Gold Inc.
3
Synthesis of Ti^3+-doped TiO2 Photocatalyst
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To fabricate the Ti3+-doped TiO2, a two-step hydrothermal synthesis procedure was implemented. First, 5 ml of 50 wt. % titanium (IV) bis (ammonium lactato) dihydroxide (purchased from Sigma-Aldrich) solution was dispersed in 60 ml 0.08 g/L glucose with stirring for 0.5 hour. 65 ml of the above solution was then transferred into an autoclave for hydrothermal reactions at 170 ∞C for 8 hours. Then the products were washed by deionized water and ethanol for 4 times each and filtered. After the calcination treatment at 500 ∞C for 3 hours, dried TiO2 powders were obtained. Different amounts of sodium borohydride (purchased from Alfa Aesar) caplets were directly added into 60 ml water and mixed with 0.50 g TiO2 powder for hydrothermal reactions in an autoclave at 180 ∞C for 16 hours. Finally, the Ti3+-doped titanium dioxide powders were collected by filtration, washed alternately 3 times with deionized water and ethanol, and then dried at 60 ∞C in air for 10 hours.
4
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanomaterials
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All starting materials and chemicals were obtained from commercially available sources and used without further purification. CTAB (≥98%), TEOS (98%) and l -Ascorbic Acid (≥99.0%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Haverhill, UK); Sodium Silicate solution (d = 1.5 g/mL) was purchased from Fisher Scientific (Loughborough, UK); Sodium Borohydride (98%) was purchased from Alfa Aesar (Heysham, UK); CTAC (≥98.0%), Gold(III) chloride trihydrate (≥99.9%), 5-Bromosalicylic acid (90%) and Sodium hypochlorite solution (available chlorine 10−15%) were purchased from Aldrich (Haverhill, UK), and Sodium hydroxide (98%) was purchased from Quimipur (Madrid, Spain). In all the following procedures, high purity water was used, with a conductivity of 0.04 mS cm−1, obtained from a Milli-Q purification system (Newcastle upon Tyne, UK).
5
Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene-Based Electrocatalysts
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Natural graphite powder, iron(iii ) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O, 97%), iron(ii ) sulphate heptahydrate (FeSO4·7H2O, 99%), sodium nitrate (NaNO3, 99%), sodium nitrite (NaNO2, 97%), sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 98%) and potassium permanganate (KMnO4, 99.3%) were received from Alfa Aesar. Sulfanilic acid (C6H7NO3S, 99%), sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 95%), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 32%) and hydrochloric acid (HCl, 35%) were procured from Daejung Chemicals, South Korea. Nafion solution (5%) in lower aliphatic alcohols and ammonium hydroxide (NH3OH, 5 M) were procured from Sigma Aldrich. N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) was obtained from Duksan reagents, South Korea. Gas diffusion electrodes (40 wt% Pt on XC-72) were procured form NARA Cell Tech, South Korea.
6
Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles
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Trisodium citrate (Na3C6H5O7, ≥99.0%), sodium borohydride (NaBH4, ≥99.99%), and BSA were purchased from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA, USA). Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, ≥99.0%), silver nitrate (AgNO3, ≥98.0%), l -ascorbic acid (AA, ≥99.7%), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 30 wt%), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH, ≥96.0%) were obtained from Shanghai Sinopharm (Shanghai, China). Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, Mw ≈ 29,000) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). All chemicals were used as received without further treatment. All glassware was cleaned with aqua regia prior to use, and deionized water was used in all experiments. All procedures were carried out in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, 0.01 M, pH 7.4).
7
Serum Separation from Human Blood
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In the experiments conducted here, we used trehalose dihydrate (≥99% purity, Ferro-Pfanstiehl Laboratories, Waukegan, IL), dextran (35-45kDa, Sigma: D1662-500G/lot: SLBT9984), and sodium borohydride (Alfa Aesar: 88983/lot:S09D008). We purchased the other chemicals from Sigma. Human blood samples were collected from volunteers through the University of Minnesota’s (UMN) Tissue Procurement Facility (TPF) following a UMN Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved protocol (Study Number: 1011E92892). To separate serum from whole blood, we allowed whole blood to clot for at least 30 minutes and then centrifuged it for 10 min at 2000 RCF. We carefully aspirated the serum (the supernatant) at room temperature and placed it into a new centrifuge tube, taking care not to disturb the cell layer or transfer any cells. We then aliquoted the serum into microcentrifuge tubes for use in experiments.
8
Synthesis of Au/TiO2 Nanocomposites
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All the chemicals were commercially available and used without further purification. Hydrogen terachloroaurate (IV) hydrate (HAuCl4·4H2O) was purchased from Tianjin Fengchuan Chemical Reagent Technologies Co., Ltd. sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 98%) were purchased from Alfa Aesar. P25 (TiO2) was purchased from Evonik Degussa, with the purity of 99.5% and the specific surface area of 58 m2 g−1, and used without further treatment. PVA, molecular weight (Mw) 10,000, 80% hydrolyzed] was purchased from Aldrich. OA (80-90%) and 3-nitrostyrene was purchased from Aladdin Company. Toluene and o-xylene were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Ethylene glycol (AR, 99.8%) and cyclohexane (AR, 99.7%) were purchased from Damao Chemical Reagent Factory. Ethanol (AR, 99.7%) was purchased from Tianjin Fuyu Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.
9
Synthesis and Characterization of Palladium and Titanium Phthalocyanine Compounds
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Palladium phthalocyanine (PdPc, 98%) was purchased from 3A Materials, Titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc, purified by sublimation) was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry (TCI), and ethanol (99.7%) was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. Ammonia (25 wt %) and Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, Mw = 10,000, 80% hydrolyzed) were purchased from Aladdin. Titanium (IV) oxide (mixture phases (99.7%) and rutile (AR)) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 98%) were purchased from Alfa Aesar. Tetraamminepalladium (II) nitrate solution (Pd(NO3)2 · 4NH3, 10 wt% in H2O) and Sodium tetrachloropalladate (II) (Na2PdCl4, Pd 30%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. All reagents were used without further purification. Deionized water was obtained from a Millipore Autopure system.
10
Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles
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Ammonium ferric citrate (FeC6H5O7·NH4OH), polyacrylic acid (PAA, molecular weight = 3000), hydrazine hydrate (N2H4·H2O, 85%), and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) were all purchased from Alfa Aesar Co. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and hydrogen tetra-chloroaurate(III) tetrahydrate (HAuCl4·4H2O) were purchased from Sinopharm Group Chemical regent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Other reagents were of analytical reagent grade and used without further purification. Ultrapure water was used in the experiment.
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