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3 protocols using naphthylene diamine dihydrochloride

1

Cardiac Stress Biomarker Evaluation

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Isoproterenol (1-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-isopropylaminoethanol hydrochloride, molecular weight: 247.72) and TMQ (2-isopropyl-5-methyl-1, 4-benzoquinone; TMQ) (CAS number 490-91-5, molecular formula C10H12O2, molecular weight 164.20, and purity 99%, Figure 1) were procured from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The chemicals and reagents including bovine serum albumin (BSA), 5-sulfosalicylic acid (SSA), naphthylene diamine dihydrochloride, sulphanilamide, phosphoric acid, HEPES, sucrose, 1,4-dithiothreitol (DTT), CHAPS, sodium chloride, protease inhibitors, phenyl methyl sulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), Tween-20, sodium nitrate, 3,3,5,5′-tetramethyl benzidine (TMB), and reduced form of glutathione (GSH) assay kit were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit was obtained from R&D Systems, USA. The aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), creatine kinase (CK), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) kits were procured form Roche Diagnostics, USA.
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2

Nitric Oxide Griess Assay Protocol

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A Griess assay was used to determine presence of nitric oxide. In this assay, nitrite, an end product of nitric oxide oxidation, was measured in plasma. The assay reagents included 1% (w/v) sulfanilamide (Sigma-Aldrich Inc., MO) and 0.1% (w/v) naphthylenediamine dihydrochloride (Sigma-Aldrich Inc., MO). Both reagents were dissolved in 2.5% phosphoric acid. Briefly after collecting the plasma, 50 μL of both reagents was added to an equal volume of the plasma in a 96-well round bottom plate. Readings were taken in 5–10 min on an optical density plate reader at 550 nm (Labsystems, Finland).
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3

Evaluating Nitric Oxide Levels in LPS-Treated BV2 Cells

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BV2 cells were seeded onto the 96-well plate at 2•5 × 10 4 cells/well and left to attach overnight. Cells were treated with CFS of each CM-LAB at 5-20 % (v/v) in triplicates for 24 h before exposure to 1 µg/ml LPS (Escherichia coli serotype O26:B6; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) in DMEM without phenol red (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) supplemented with 5 % FBS. After incubation for 24 and 48 h in the presence of LPS, nitric oxide (NO) level was determined using the Griess reaction. Culture supernatants (50 µl) of the six CM-LAB were incubated with 50 µl of Griess reagent [1 % sulfanilamide and 0•1 % naphthylene diamine dihydrochloride with 2•5 % phosphoric acid (all Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO)] for 10 min. The absorbance was read at 530 nm using a microplate reader (MRXll® Dynex Technologies, USA).
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