Sodium citrate

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), absolute ethanol, glacial acetic acid, propidium iodide, staurosporine and triton X-100 were of analytical grade and were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Merck KGaA, USA). Neutral red dye was from Apollo Scientific Sigma (Bredbury, Stockport, Cheshire, UK). Sodium citrate was obtained from Carl Roth (Karlsruhe, Germany); collagenase A was from Roche (Basel, Switzerland). Τhe Collagen G used for pre-coating the plastic ware on which HUVECs were grown was from Biochrom (Berlin, Germany). Recombinant human TNFα was purchased from PeproTech (Rocky Hill, NJ, USA) and the fluorescent dye Green CMFDA was obtained from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbour, MI, USA).

Iron (III) chloride hexa-hydrate (99%) and iron (II) chloride tetra-hydrate (99%) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Ammonia (NH₃, 25%), sodium citrate (99%), potassium bromide (KBr) (spectroscopy grade), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 99.5%), L-cysteine (98%), disodium hydrogen phosphate (99%) and Ellman′s reagent (98%) were purchased from Carl Roth (Karlsruhe, Germany). Chloroauric acid (HAuCl₄, 99.9%), propidium iodide (PI, 94%) and Lucifer Yellow CH dipotassium salt (LY) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Taufkirchen, Germany). RPMI 1640 medium, GlutaMAX supplement, Hoechst 33342 (Hoe), Annexin A5 fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) conjugate (AxV) and DiIC₁(5) (1,1′-dimethyl-3,3,3′,3′-tetramethylindodicarbocyanine iodide, DiI) were purchased from Thermo Fisher (Waltham, MA, USA). Fetal calf serum (FCS) was purchased from Biochrom (Berlin, Germany). T cell leukemia cells Jurkat (ACC 282) were purchased from DSMZ (German collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany). Ringer′s solution was purchased from Fresenius Kabi (Bad Homburg, Germany). Deionized water was produced using a Merck Milli-Q purification system. All reagents were used without further purification.