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4 protocols using endothelial cell growth factor

1

Endothelial Cell Proliferation Assay

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M199 medium, streptomycin, penicillin, gelatin, heparin, trypsin, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), NaOH, elastase, cesium chloride, collagenase, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), RNase, propidium iodide, glycerol, bromophenol blue, isolectin B4, and mercaptoethanol were from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Matrigel and endothelial cell growth factor were from BD Biosciences (San Jose, CA). Antibodies against cyclin D1, cyclin E, cyclin A, p21, p27, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1), SGLT2, and β-actin were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA), the antibody against SGLT1 was from GeneTex (Irvine, CA), and the antibody against phospho-retinoblastoma protein was from Cell Signaling Technologies (Beverley, MA). [3H]Thymidine (20 Ci/mmol) was from Perkin Elmer (Boston, MA). Canagliflozin, empagliflozin, and dapagliflozin were purchased from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX).
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2

Isolation and Culture of HUVECs

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HUVECs were isolated from human umbilical cords (obtained from Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China) by collagenase digestion and grown in M199 media (Sigma-Aldrich) supplemented with 15 μg/ml endothelial cell growth factor (BD Biosciences, MA), 15 μg/ml heparin (Sigma-Aldrich) and 15% fetal calf serum (FCS) at 37 °C under 5% CO2 as previously described [26 (link)]. Confluent HUVECs were routinely passaged by trypsinization and utilized for experiments at passages 2–4.
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3

Metabolic Regulation of Cell Cycle and Oxidative Stress

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Gelatin, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), dithiothreitol, NaCl, EDTA, heparin, trichloroacetic acid, trypan blue, propidium iodide, RNase, cesium chloride, M199 medium, dimethyl-α-ketoglutarate, aspartate, hydrogen peroxide, glutamine, dialyzed fetal bovine serum, trypsin, 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON), mercaptoethanol, streptomycin, penicillin, bis-2-(5-phenylacetomido-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)ethyl sulfide (BPTES), glutamate, ammonium chloride, and diethylamine NONOate (DEA-NO), K2HPO4, ATP, NAD, hydrazine, bovine liver glutamate dehydrogenase, and asparagine were from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Endothelial cell growth factor was from Becton Dickinson Biosciences (Bedford, MA). Rainbow molecular weight markers were from GE Healthcare (Piscataway, NJ). Lipofectamine and 5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate acetyl ester (CM-H2DCFDA) were from Life Technologies Corporation (Carlsbad, CA). CB-839 and NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), were from Selleckchem (Houston, TX). Antibodies against GLS1, cyclin D1, cyclin E, cyclin A, p21, p27, p53, and β-actin were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA), an antibody against phospho-retinoblastoma protein was from Cell Signaling Technologies (Beverley, MA), and an antibody against HO-1 was from Assay Designs (Ann Arbor, MI). [3H]Thymidine (20 Ci/mmol) was from Perkin Elmer (Boston, MA).
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4

Endothelial Cell Signaling Pathway Reagents

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Ammonium chloride (NH4Cl), heparin, trypan blue, agarose, trypsin, Tris, HEPES, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), cycloheximide, penicillin, L-glutamine, gelatin, streptomycin, Nonidet P40, dithiothreitol, bromophenol blue, SDS, NaCl, EDTA, DMSO, glycerol, matrigel, and Triton X-100, were from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) was from Fischer Scientific (Houston, TX). Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), aprotinin, leupeptin, and pepstatin A were from Roche Applied Sciences (Indianapolis, IN). M199 medium, bovine calf serum, 5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate acetyl ester (CM-H2DCFDA), and lipofectamine were from Invitrogen Corporation (Carlsbad, CA). LY294002 was from Calbiochem (La Jolla, CA). Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) was from Genzyme (Boston, MA). Endothelial cell growth factor was from Becton Dickinson (Bedford, MA). A polyclonal antibody against HO-1 was from Assay Designs (Ann Arbor, MI, USA), antibodies against Nrf2, platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1), and β-actin were from Santa Cruz (Santa Cruz, CA), and antibodies against glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) and phospho (ser-9)-GSK3β (GSK3β-P) were from Cell Signaling Technologies (Danvers, MA). [32P]dCTP (3000Ci/mmol) was from Amersham (Arlington Heights, IL).
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