Gossypol

Leptomycin B (Cell Signaling), Verdinexor (AdooQ Biosciences), Gossypol (Tocris), Mycolactone A/B toxin [43 (link)], Decanoyl-RVKR-chloromethylketone [CMK] (Sigma), hexa-D-arginine amide [D6R] (Sigma) and SSM3 trifluoroacetate (Tocris) were used in this study. Dose-response curves of PLC3 cells treated with the different drugs are shown in S13 Fig. Cell viability was assessed using a CellTiter 96 AQueous Non-Radioactive Cell Proliferation Assay (Promega).

The pan Bcl-2 inhibitor (−)-gossypol (>98% purity) was acquired from Tocris (Bristol, United Kingdom). Autophagy inhibitors Bafilomycin A1 (BafA1), and 3-Methyladenin (3-MA) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Taufkirchen, Germany). The pan-caspase inhibitor z-Val-Ala-DL-Asp(OMe)-fluoromethylketone (z-VAD) was purchased from Bachem (Weil am Rhein, Germany). The Mcl-1 sparing Bcl-2 inhibitor ABT-737 was from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Heidelberg, Germany) and the inductor of apoptotic cell death staurosporine (STS) was from Alexis Biochemicals (by ENZO Life Sciences, Lörrach, Germany). Chemotherapeutic gemcitabine was from Fresenius-Kabi (Bad Homburg, Germany) and chemotherapeutic cisplatin from Teva (Ulm, Germany). Lysotracker Red DND-99 was obtained from Invitrogen (Karlsruhe, Germany). All other chemicals were used in analytic grade purity from Sigma-Aldrich.