Propidium iodide

Sodium salt of hyaluronic acid (HA, 150 kDa, 96%) was purchased from Yangzhou Joyvo WeiKem Biology Co., Ltd. (Yangzhou, China). Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) was obtained from Ark Pharm Inc. (Chicago, USA). 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC), N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), cystamine dihydrochloride and dopamine hydrochloride were provided by Beijing InnoChem Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Purified water was prepared using Heal Force Super NW Water System (Shanghai Canrex Analytic Instrument Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China). All other reagents were of analytical grade without further purification. Fetal bovine serum (FBS), Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RMPI 1640), Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) and trypsin–EDTA were purchased from Gibco Life Technologies (USA). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was purchased from Gen-view Scientific Inc. (USA). Both fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and propidium iodide (PI) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ ELISA kits were purchased from Neobioscience Co., Ltd. (Shenzhen, China).

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA; MW 72,600−81,400 Da, 86%–90% hydrolyzed) was purchased from Shanghai Chenqi Chemical Tech. Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Sodium alginate (SA; 200 ± 20 mPa s) was obtained from Beijing InnoChem Tech. Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). A Luria‒Bertani culture medium was purchased from Beijing Sanyao Technology Development Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI 1640) culture media were provided by Invitrogen Life Tech. Co., Ltd. (California, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) and trypsin-ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) were purchased from Gibco Life Technologies (CA, USA). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was purchased from Gen-view Scientific Inc. (NJ, USA). V. vulnificus (ATCC 27562) and B. bacteriovorus (ATCC 15356) were purchased from Biobw Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and propidium iodide (PI) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Other reagents were of analytic grade. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits of mouse IL-6 and TNF-α were purchased from Beijing Neobioscience Biochemical Tech. Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Aquacel® Ag (a silver-based dressing) was purchased from the ConvaTec company (Princeton, USA). SYBR qPCR Master Mix and Taq Master Mix were purchased from Vazyme Biotech Co., Ltd. (Nanjing, China).