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2 protocols using p eif2α eif2α

1

Western Blot for Protein Expression Analysis

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Western blot analysis was performed using protein extracts of HBMECs. Proteins were separated by electrophoresis and transferred to PVDF membranes. The membranes were blocked with either 5 % nonfat dry milk or 5 % BSA in Tris-buffered saline with Tween-20 (TBST) at room temperature for 1 h to block nonspecific immunoreactivity. Subsequently, the membranes were incubated with the corresponding primary antibodies overnight at 4 °C. After four washes in TBST, the membranes were incubated with secondary antibodies for 1 h and detected by the enhanced chemiluminescence detection kit. In some cases, the blots were stripped and reprobed with antibodies specific for Bax, Bcl-2, cytochrome c, BiP/GRP78, p-PERK/PERK, p-IRE1/IRE1 (Santacruz Bio-technology, 1:500), p-eIF2α/eIF2α, caspases 12, and CHOP/AGDD153 (Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA). All of the westerns were repeated at least three times.
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2

Comprehensive Protein Extraction and Analysis

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Protein extraction was performed by lysing the cells in RIPA (radio-immunoprecipitation assay) buffer. The protein concentration was determined using the DC protein assay, and equal amounts of protein were loaded onto SDS-PAGE gels. After electrophoresis, the proteins were transferred onto PVDF membranes and blocked with 5% nonfat milk in TBST for 1 h. The primary antibodies were added and incubated overnight at 4 °C with shaking. The membranes were then washed and incubated with secondary antibodies for 1 h at room temperature. The primary antibodies of TTl1, FGFR3, α-actin, p53, p21, ATF3, FAS, TOM20, mtTFA, and PGC1α were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA); TELO2, Cyclin D1, and γ-H2A.x were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, UK); and p-mTOR, mTOR, p-ATM, ATM, p-p53 (ser15), MDM2, DEC1, p-c-JUN, c-JUN, p-Akt, Akt, p-p38, p38, p-PI3K, PI3K, p-ERK, ERK, p-Chk2, Chk2, p-AMPK, AMPK, p-eIF2α eIF2α, p-P70S6K, P70S6K, p-TSC2, TSC2, and 4EBP1 were obtained from Cell Signaling (Danvers, MA, USA).
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