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36 protocols using β actin ab8226

1

Western Blot Analysis of Lung Tissue

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Mouse lung tissue and MLE-12 cells were lysed by RIPA lysate. Mouse lung tissue needs to be additionally put into a homogenizer to fully lyse. The protein lysate was then centrifuged (12,000 g, 15 min, 4°C) and the supernatant was collected. After being mixed into the loading buffer, the protein lysate was heated to 100°C for 5 min. Then, we made a 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel and added 10 μL of protein lysate. After electrophoresis and membrane transfer, the protein is transferred to the polyvinylidene fluoride membrane. We used 5% bovine serum albumin-PBS-Tween to block nonspecific antigens for 1 h at room temperature. The membrane was then incubated with primary antibody dilutions (β-actin, ab8226, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA; IL-1β, ab254360, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA; tumor necrosis factor (TNF), ab1793, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA; SOD1, ab51254, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA; SOD2, ab68155, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA; caspase 3, ab184787, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA; p65, ab16502, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA; p-p65, ab86299, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA; IκBα, ab183503, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA;) at 4°C overnight. After washing the membrane, we incubated the membrane at room temperature for 1 h with the secondary antibody dilution (Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA). Finally, we used chemiluminescent liquid for color development.
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2

Evaluating EMT in Prostate Cancer

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Frozen PCa tissue was obtained with informed consent from patients who underwent radical resections at the Shandong Provincial Hospital. Ethical consent was granted by the Committees for Ethical Review of Research involving Human Subjects of Shandong Provincial Hospital. LNCaP, C4-2, DU145, and PC3 cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA), supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and kept at 37°C and 5% CO2. The normal prostate cell line RWPE-1 was cultured in keratinocyte serum free medium (GIBICO, 17005–042, Grand Island, NY. Monoclonal TGF-β1 (ab9758), E-cadherin(ab76055),N-cadherin (ab18203), Cyclin D1 (ab137875), and β actin (ab8226) antibodies were got from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). LY2109761 (No: S2704) was purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA).
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3

Ferroptosis Regulation in Osteoblast Differentiation

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FAC (E0375), Arecoline (S2614), Fer-1 (S7243), NAC (S1623), and GSH (S4606) were purchased from Selleck (Shanghai, China). Calcein was purchased from Dojin (Tokyo, Japan). The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay kit was also purchased from Dojin (Japan). Maleic dialdehyde (MDA), DCFH-DA assay kits, Alizarin red S, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and diethanolamine activity kit were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Antibodies against HO-1 (ab189491), GPX4 (ab125066), SLC7A11 (ab175186), and β-actin (ab8226) were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). MC3T3-E1 cells (Procell Life Sci.&Tech. Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China) were incubated in MEM with 10% FBS, 10 mM glutamine, and 100 U/mL penicillin/streptomycin. For osteogenic differentiation, the culture medium was replaced with MEM containing 10% FBS, 10 mM β-glycerol phosphate, 50 μM ascorbic acid, 100 nM dexamethasone, and 100 U/mL penicillin/streptomycin.
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4

Hypoxia Pathway Protein Analysis

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Cell culture reagents were from Gibco Life Technologies and Foetal Calf Serum from Harlam Seralab (UK). Acriflavin was purchased from Sigma Aldrich. β-Actin (Ab8226), PMS2 (Ab110638) and anti-mouse HRP (Ab6808) antibodies were from abcam. HIF-1α (20960-1-AP) and HIF-2α (A700-003) were from Bethyl. Anti-rabbit HRP (7074S) antibody was from Cell Signalling.
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5

Western Blot Analysis of Antioxidant and Apoptosis Markers

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Western blot analysis was conducted as previously reported [9 ]. In this study, two aortas from the same group were combined and homogenized to extract protein for the western blot assay [24 (link)25 (link)]. The protein content was quantified using a Bio-Rad Protein Assay Kit (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA). Protein expression was visualized by enhanced chemiluminescence and detected with CAS-400 apparatus (Core Bio, Seoul, Korea). The band densities were calculated using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA) and normalized to the expression of β-actin. The antibodies used in this study; nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2, sc-13032), superoxide dismutase (SOD, sc-11407), catalase (CAT, sc-34285), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx, sc-133160), GRP78 (sc-1050), phospho-PERK (p-PERK, sc-32577), X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1, sc-7160), Bcl-2 (sc-7382), and Bax (sc-493) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotech. (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Phospho-JNK (p-JNK, MA5-14943) was from Thermo Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Phospho-eukaryotic initiation factor 2 subunit alpha (p-eIF2α, ab32157), caspase-3 (ab32351), caspase-9 (ab63488), cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein (cIAP, ab25939-100), and β-actin (ab8226) were from Abcam Inc. (Cambridge, UK).
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6

NSCLC Cell Line Protocols and Reagents

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A549, H1975, human NSCLC cells, and Beas-2b normal bronchial epithelial cells were purchased from Guangzhou Cellcook Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (China). Fetal bovine serum (FBS), RPMI-1640 medium, and Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) were purchased from Biological Industries (BioInd, Israel). Ham’s F-12K medium was purchased from Gibco (USA), and TRIzol reagent was purchased from Nanjing Vazyme Biotech Co. (China). The miRNA mimic/inhibitor/control were purchased from Guangzhou RibPharm Co., Ltd. (China), trypsin-ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) was purchased from New Cell & Molecular Biotech Co., Ltd. (Suzhou, China), JetPrime transfection reagent was purchased from Polyplus Co., Ltd. (France), and ChamQ Universal SYBR quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR) Master Mix reagent and HiScript III All-in-one RT SuperMix Perfect for qPCR were purchased from Nanjing Vazyme Biotech Co., Ltd. The RRM2 (ab57653) and β-actin (ab8226) antibodies were purchased from Abcam (USA), and the goat anti-mouse secondary antibody and goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody were purchased from Shanghai Beyotime Biotechnology (China). The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) reagent was purchased from Tongren Company (Japan), and small interfering RNA (siRNA) was purchased from Suzhou GenePharma Co., Ltd. (China).
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7

Western Blot Analysis of Lipid Metabolism

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Protein expression levels of genes involved in the lipid synthesis and antioxidant enzymes were determined by western blot analysis as previously described [48 (link)]. Nuclear fractions were used for the determination of SREBP-1 and -2, and cytosol fraction was used for the rest experiments. Briefly, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was performed, and the bands were transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane. Protein expression was visualized using the enhanced chemiluminescence, equipped with CAS-400 (Core Bio, Seoul, Korea) and evaluated using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA). The protein expression level was expressed as the ratio to α-tubulin, β-actin, or lamin B1. Primary antibody α-tubulin (ab52866), β-actin (ab8226), and FAS (ab22759) were purchased from Abcam Inc. (Cambridge, MA, USA). SOD (FL-154, sc-11407), CAT (F-17, sc-34285), GPx (B-6, sc-133160), SREBP-1 (H-160, sc-8984), SREBP-2 (H-164, sc-5603), HMGCR (H-300, sc-33827), CPT1 (sc-139482), and lamin B1 (ZL-5; sc-56145) were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc. (Santa Cruz, CA, USA).
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8

Comprehensive Assays for Cell Viability and Oxidative Stress

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Assay kits for the detection of cell survival (CCK8 kit), GSH, ATP and MDA were purchased from Beyotime (Shanghai, China). Sorafenib, Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), Z-VAD-FMK, Necrosuifonamide (Necro), SB203580, SCH772984, SP600125 and ML385 were obtained from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX). DCF-DA MitoTracker, C11-BODIPY (581/591) and DAPI were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA). Rhodamine B-[(1,10- phenanthrolin-5-yl amino-carbonyl] benzyl ester (RPA) was obtained from Enzo Life Sciences (NY, USA). Deferoxamine (DFO), N-acetylcysteine (NAC), Cycloheximide (CHX), MG132, Disulfiram (DSF), CuCl2 and Trigonelline hydrochloride were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The antibodies to NRF2 (ab62352), NQO1 (ab80588), P53 (ab179477), p21 (ab109520), p-p62 (ab211324), GAPDH (ab181602), γ-H2AX (ab81299), p62 (ab109012), MDA (ab6463) and β-actin (ab8226) were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, MA). The antibody to 4-HNE (MAB3249) was obtained from Novus Biologicals (Littleton, CO, USA). The antibodies to p38 (9212S), p-p38 (9215S), ERK (4695S), p-ERK (4370S), JNK (9252s), p-JNK (9251s), HistoneH3 (3638), β-catenin (19807s), p-GSK3β (5558p), N-cadherin (4061p), Snail (3879p) and Vimentin (5741p) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technologies (Boston, MA, USA).
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9

Protein Expression Analysis in Cells and Liver

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Proteins that had been extracted from cells and liver tissue on ice with lysis solution were centrifuged. The supernatant was collected for concentration measurements and boiled for preservation or for subsequent experiments. The same amount of protein from each group was added to an SDS-PAGE gel and subjected to electrophoresis. The protein in the SDS-PAGE gel was transferred to a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane (Millipore, USA). Then, the membrane was blocked with 5% skimmed milk for 1.5 h at room temperature and incubated with primary antibodies (anti-ECM1 antibody, 11521-1-AP, 1:1000, Proteintech; anti-TGF-β1, #3711, 1:1500, Cell Signaling Technology; anti-α-SMA, sc-53142, 1:2000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology; anti-p-Smad2/3, AF3367, 1:1000, Affinity; β-actin, ab8226, 1:1000, Abcam) at 4 °C overnight. Thereafter, the membrane was further incubated with the corresponding secondary antibody (ab205718, 1:10000, Abcam) at 37 °C for 50 min. Enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) solution was used to visualize protein bands, and the relative protein level was calculated based on the housekeeping gene content with ImageJ.
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10

Apoptosis Pathway Reagents Protocol

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The following reagents were used in this study: cytochrome C (556433) and the annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) apoptosis kit (556547) were purchased from BD biosciences; caspase-3 (9662), caspase-9 (9508), and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) (9542) were from Cell Signaling Technology; Prx-SO2 (ab16830), PrxI (ab15571), and β-actin (ab8226) were from Abcam; PrxV (LF-MA0002) was from Invitrogen; 10-N-nonyl-acridine orange (NAO) (A1372) and tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester (TMRE) (T669) were from Molecular Probes; peroxy-orange-1 (PO-1) (4944) and mitochondria peroxy-yellow-1 (MitoPY) (4428) were from Tocris Biosciences; puromycin (p8833), FuGene6 (E2311), and pSUPER-puro vector were from Sigma Aldrich, Promega and OligoEngine, respectively.
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