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84 protocols using anti cd8 fitc

1

Isolation and Purification of Regulatory T Cells

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Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors (Hoxworth blood center, Cincinnati, OH) were separated by centrifugation through Ficoll-Hypaque (GE, Fairfield, CT). CD4+ T cells were purified by negative selection using the Miltenyi CD4 negative separation kit (Auburn, CA), per the manufacturer’s instructions. Aliquots of purified CD4+ T cells were frozen in FBS + 10% DMSO and stored in liquid nitrogen. The viability of thawed cryopreserved cells was >90%. To isolate bulk Treg, cryopreserved CD4+ T cells were stained with live dead aqua (ThermoFisher, Waltham, MA), anti-CD8-FITC, anti-CD25-APC (BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA), anti-CD127-PE (Beckman Coulter, Fullerton, CA), and sorted using a FACS Aria (BD) (supplemental Fig. S1A). Purity of the sorted Treg was >90%, as determined by postsorting analysis of FOXP3 expression (supplemental Fig. S1B). FOXP3 expression was also significantly higher in Treg compared with conventional CD4+T cells (non-Treg) after sorting (supplemental Fig. S1C). In some experiments, Treg subsets (nTreg, mTreg, and emTreg) were isolated, briefly cryopreserved CD4+ T cells were stained with anti-CD8-FITC, anti-CD25-APC, anti-HLA-DR-APC-Cy7 (BD), anti-CD127-PE (Beckman Coulter), anti-CD45RA-PB, anti-CD95-BV510 (BioLegend, San Diego, CA), and sorted using an FACS Aria (supplemental Fig. S1A).
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2

Intracellular Cytokine Staining Assay

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ICS assay was performed according to a standard protocol, as described previously [17 (link)]. Briefly, splenocytes isolated from mice (2 × 106 cells/well) were plated in 24-well plates and stimulated with a mix of VACV-specific peptides (SPYAAGYDL, SPGAAGYDL, VGPSNSPTF, KYGRLFNEI, GFIRSLQTI, and KYMWCYSQV) or with PMA (phorbol myristate acetate, 30 ng/mL) and ionomycin (1 µg/mL). Each peptide was added at a concentration of 20 µg/mL per well, and cells were incubated for 4 h at 37 °C in 5% CO2, and for additional 16 h with Brefeldin A (5 μg/mL, BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA). On the next day, cells were stained with pre-titrated anti-CD3 MCA500SBB700 (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA), anti-CD8 FITC (BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA, USA), and anti-CD4 PerCP (BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA, USA), fixed, and permeabilized using Cytofix/Cytoperm solution (BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Cells were then stained for intracellular cytokine detection with anti-IFN-γ APC (BD Pharmingen, San Diego, CA, USA). Samples were analyzed on a ZE5 flow cytometer (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). Data were presented as the medians and ranges of variation.
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3

Characterizing Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes

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Single-cell splenocyte suspensions were prepared from recipient mice seven days after immunization as mentioned above. Cells were stained with anti-CD8-FITC, anti-CD4-PE, or isotype control (BD Pharmingen). The frequency of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was characterized using flow cytometry analysis on a FACScan system with CellQuest software (BD Pharmingen).
In addition, the amount of lymphocytes that infiltrated tumour issues was evaluated. Mice were challenged with LL/2 cells (5 × 105 cells per mouse). One week after four cycles of immunization, tumour tissues were removed and suspensions of individual tumour cells were prepared by straining samples through 80-μm mesh nylon wool. After addition of ammonium chloride lysis buffer, cells were incubated with anti-CD4-PE or anti-CD8-FITC and then analysed using flow cytometry as described above.
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4

Tetramer-Based Identification of Antigen-Specific CTLs

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Leukocytes in 0.1 mL whole blood were stained with allophycocyanin (APC)-conjugated Mane-A1*084:01/Gag KP9 tetramer at a 1:500 dilution and counterstained with anti-CD3-PE (BD, Cat #552127), anti-CD4-PerCP-Cy5.5 (BD, Cat # 552838), and anti-CD8-FITC (BD, Cat #557085) conjugated antibodies as previously described (Queen et al, 2011 (link)). Flow cytometry was performed on a LSRFortessaTM flow cytometer and analysis was performed using FlowJo (Tree Star Inc., Ashland, OR). Tetramer-positive CTLs were normalized to uninfected control animals.
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5

Comprehensive Immune Cell Profiling

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Ab-stained cells were analyzed using FACScaliber (BD Biosciences, USA) CellQuest Software. Anti-CD4-PE, anti-CD4-APC, anti-CD8-FITC, anti-CD25-FITC, anti-CD44-PE, anti-CD62L-APC, anti-CD69-FITC, anti-CCR5-PE, anti-CXCR3-PE, and anti-CXCR4-PE, anti-IFNγ-BV421, anti-IL17A-PE, anti-Thy1.2-BV605 were purchased from BD Biosciences.
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6

Characterization of CD8+ Treg Cells

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To study the phenotypes of CD8+ Treg cells, lymphocytes were incubated with the following antibodies: anti-CD8-FITC, anti-CD25-PE-Cy7, anti-CD127-AlexaFluor 647 and anti-CTLA4-PE (BD Biosciences). To analyze FOXP3 level, cells were fixed, permeabilized and labeled with anti-FOXP3-AlexaFluor-647 antibodies (BD Biosciences). The cells were analyzed by FACS Verse flow cytometer using FACS Suite software (BD Biosciences). To check phosphorylated-SMAD3, GATA3, RUNX3 level control CD8+/tumor-CD8+ Treg cells were incubated with pSMAD3, GATA3, RUNX3 primary antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) followed by anti-mouse and anti-rabbit AlexaFluor 488 antibody and then level observed by flow cytometry (FACS Verse). For the determination of intracellular cytokine, cells were first stimulated with PMA (10 ng/ml) and ionomycin (1 µM) and then treated with 10 µg/ml Brefeldin A (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO). Intracellular TGFβ, IL10, IL2, and IFNγ were analyzed with the PE-tagged antibody (BD Biosciences) in FACS Verse.
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7

Multicolor Flow Cytometry Staining

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The staining antibodies were anti-CD4-APC, anti-TIM3-PerCP-Cy5.5, anti-IFN-γ-PerCP, anti-IL-2-PE, and anti-TNF-α-FITC antibodies (Biolegend, USA), and anti-CD8-FITC (BD Biosciences, CA, USA).
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8

CD4+ Memory T-Cell Phenotyping

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A blood sample of 200 μl was used for CD4+ memory T-cell phenotyping with the following antibodies: anti-CD8-FITC (1/10, clone RPA-T8), anti-PD1-FITC (1/5, clone MIH4), anti-CD122-PE (1/10, clone Mik-B3), anti-CD62L-V450 (1/10, clone DREG-56), anti-CD4-V500 (1/20, clone RPA-T4), anti-CD95-APC (1/10, clone DX2), anti-CD45RA-PE-Cy7 (1/20, clone HI100), anti-CD45RO-PerCPCy5.5 (1/10, clone UCHL1), anti-CCR7-PE-CF594 (1/10, clone 150503), anti-CXCR3-Alexa 700 (1/10, clone 1C6/CXCR3), anti-CD27-APC-H7 (1/10, clone M-T271) (all from BD Biosciences), and anti-CD3-eFluor 650NC (1/10, clone OKT3, eBioscience). After staining, the blood sample was fixed (fix/lyse solution, BD Biosciences) and cells were acquired on a BD LSR Fortessa cytometer (BD Biosciences). Data were analysed with Flow Jo software.
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9

Evaluation of Epitope-Specific CD8+ T Cells

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To evaluate the ability of the selected epitopes to trigger the immune cells by CD8+ T cell dependent manner, PBMCs (1 × 106/ml) from five HLAA2 positive VL treated subjects were incubated for overnight in the presence or absence of peptide at 37 °C and 5% CO2. Additionally, six HLA A2 negative VL treated subjects were also considered for this study. Stimulation with SLA was run in parallel to all experiments as described previously50 (link). After overnight incubation followed by 6 h incubation with brefeldin-A (1 mg/ml), cells were harvested, washed with PBS, and stained with anti-CD3-PerCP (BD Biosciences) and anti-CD8-FITC(BD Biosciences) conjugated antibodies for 30 min at 4 °C. The cells were then washed with stain buffer, fixed and permeabilized Cytofix-Cytoperm buffer (BD Biosciences) for 20 minutes at 4 °C. The intracellular level of IFN-γ was stained with anti-IFN-γ PE-conjugated antibody (BD Biosciences) for 30 minutes and washed with perm wash buffer (BD Biosciences). A logical gate set using was used to measure the co-expression of intracellular CD8+ ve IFN-γ. At least 30 000 cells were acquired for each analysis, and the results are shown in percentage gated value (% gated).
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10

Quantifying Cell Activation by Flow Cytometry

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Stimulated or non-stimulated endothelial cells were stained extracellularly with anti-CD31-fluorescin isothiocyanate (FITC) and intracellularly (either before or after stimulation) with anti-SLP-76 allophycocyanin (APC) antibodies (BD Biosciences, Allschwil, Switzerland). As control, stimulated (anti-CD3) or non-stimulated enriched human CD8+ T cells (MACS cell separation, Miltenyi Bergisch Gladbach, Germany) were stained extracellularly with anti-CD8-FITC and intracellularly with anti-SLP-76 APC antibodies (BD Biosciences, Allschwil, Switzerland). Data were acquired on a LSR II Fortessa flow cytometer equipped with FacsDIVA software (BD Biosciences, Allschwil, Switzerland).
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