Tris hcl

Primers targeting the N, E, and ORF3 gene were designed based on the SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequence (NC_045512) using Primer Explorer V5 (Eiken Chemical, Tokyo, Japan). Three sets of primers are listed in Table S2. Primers, plasmids, and TE buffer (1×) were purchased from Sangon Biotech (Shanghai, China). 2019-nCoV RNA reference material (high concentration) was provided by the National Institute of Metrology of China (GBW(E)091089, Beijing, China). WarmStart® Colorimetric LAMP 2X Master Mix (DNA & RNA), Bst 2.0 WarmStart DNA Polymerase, Tris–HCl, (NH₄)₂SO₄, KCl, MgSO₄, dNTP was from New England Biolabs (Ipswitch, MA, USA). Paraffin liquid was from Macklin (Shanghai, China). Hydrochloric acid (HCl) was obtained from HuaChengDa Chemical Industry (Zhuhai, Guangdong, China).

Chloroauric acid (HAuCl₄), trisodium citrate, Na₂HPO₄, NaCl and NaH₂PO₄ are obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Streptavidin-modified magnetic bead (Dynabeads™ MyOne™ Streptavidin T1, 10 mg/mL) is purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific. All HPLC-purified DNA oligonucleotides and crRNA are purchased from Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). The sequences of the oligonucleotides are listed in Tables S2-S4. The diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC)-treated water were purchased from Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Lba Cas12a and Buffer 3.1 (pH 7.9) containing NaCl (100 mM), Tris-HCl (50 mM), MgCl₂ (10 mM), DTT (1 mM), were purchased from New England Biolabs (Beijing, China). RNase inhibitors were purchased from Takara Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Dalian, China). The RNase-free environment throughout the experiments using DEPC- treated water and RNase-free tips and tubes. GX/P2V beta coronavirus isolated by using Vero E6 cells were provided from Yigang Tong’s laboratory.