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110 protocols using metamorph image analysis software

1

Measuring mPTP Sensitivity to Oxidative Stress

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We have previously developed and extensively tested a model enabling the precise determination of the mPTP sensitivity to oxidant stress in intact cardiac myocytes [18 (link),19 (link),25 (link)]. Briefly, small numbers of mitochondria inside isolated cardiomyocytes were exposed in situ to conditions of oxidative stress by repetitive (2 Hz) laser line-scanning (with imaging) of a single row of mitochondria in a cell loaded with 100 nM tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRM), using a Zeiss LSM 510 inverted confocal microscope (Carl Zeiss Inc., Jena, Germany) with excitation at 543 nm and collecting emission at >560 nm using a Zeiss 63×/1.4N.A.oil immersion objective. This results in incremental, additive exposure of only the laser exposed area to the photodynamic production of ROS and consequent mPTP induction. The ROS-threshold for mPTP induction (tmPTP) was measured as the average time necessary to induce the mPTP due to the local buildup of ROS in a targeted row consisting of ~25 mitochondria. MetaMorph image analysis software (Molecular Devices Corp., Downingtown, PA, USA) was used to calculate tmPTP. The data are mean ± SEM.
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2

Quantifying Cell Spreading on Fibronectin

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Cells growing on tissue culture plates were trypsinized and re-seeded on plates coated with the indicated concentration of homo or porcine plasma fibronectin to allow them to adhere and spread (30 min for U2OS, Hela and HFF1 cells). Next the cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde in PBS for 20 min at room temperature and then imaged using a microscope (Eclipse TS100; Nikon) coupled with a 20X 0.45NA objective lens (Nikon) and a WHITE CCD camera operated by ISCapture software (TUCSEN). To calculate the cell spreading area, the cell area was manually circled on the phase images using Metamorph image analysis software (Molecular Device) and the results are presented graphically using Excel software (Microsoft).
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3

Immunofluorescent Analysis of Pancreatic Cells

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Differentiated cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde at RT for 20 min, rinsed with PBS twice, and next with MilliQ water; then they were stored in 70% ethanol. Then these cells were embedded in paraffin and sectioned. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed according to the standard protocol. Immunofluorescent staining was performed with primary antibodies for target genes and fluorescein conjugated secondary antibodies. Primary antibodies included mouse anti-NKX6.1, 1:100 (DSHB, University of Iowa), rat anti-C-peptide, 1:200 (DSHB), rabbit anti-proglucagon 1:300 (CST), and rabbit anti-glucagon 1:300 (Thermo Fisher). The following secondary antibodies were used: Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated donkey anti-goat IgG (Invitrogen), Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated donkey anti-mouse IgG (Invitrogen), Alexa 594-conjugated goat anti-rat IgG (Invitrogen) and Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (Invitrogen). The positive and surviving rate in each image were calculated with Metamorph image analysis software (Molecular Devices, CA, USA).
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4

Tracking Trafficking Dynamics of TGN38-Positive Vesicles

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Cells were transiently transfected with TGN38-mCherry with cytoYFx5 and cytoCRx5. Cells were first induced to form iPOLYMER for 1 h, then imaged while maintained at 37°C and 5% CO2. The images were taken every 5 sec. The velocity of the TGN38-posibive vesicles was estimated by dividing the distance that the vesicles traveled within the xy plane between two consecutive frames by the 5 sec interval. The images were analyzed using the “track points” function in a Metamorph image analysis software (Molecular Devices).
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5

Confocal Microscopy Analysis of Graft Viability

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The stained and mounted grafts were imaged on a Nikon A1 inverted confocal microscope using a 10× objective lens and a 488-nm argon laser. The photomultiplier tube detector was set at 500-530 nm filter. Although some adjustment was made depending on the positioning of the graft, most were imaged with an 8 × 8 × 20 XYZ array with 256 × 256 pixels resolution and optical sectioning of 78.5 μm and a z-step of 45 μm. The images were analyzed using MetaMorph image analysis software (Molecular Device Inc., Downingtown, PA) with a protocol previously demonstrated by Wolle et al.19 (link) This protocol was found in that study to be comparable to Fiji enhanced image analysis software (http://Fiji.sc). Briefly, the maximum projection image was opened up and an analysis area was manually drawn around the tissue. The threshold tool was then used to set the defaults to a 12-bit data set and inclusive threshold. The threshold intensity was adjusted until all dead cells were included within the range of threshold while excluding all live cells. Calculated estimates of cell loss were exported to Microsoft Excel as the percent threshold drop signal were then exported to Microsoft Excel.
At the same time, tissues were evaluated subjectively for the maintenance of the staining using all or none rating.
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6

ER Staining of Blastocysts

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Image analysis for ER staining was achieved by seeding cells on a coverslip-loaded six-well plate at 50 blastocysts/ml. At 16 h after plating, blastocyst were treated with CSNPs. Twelve hours later, the ER-Tracker Blue-White DPX (Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR) probe was added to blastocyst and was incubated for 30 min under the same growth conditions. The loading solution was removed, and blastocysts were then washed with PBS. Microscopic images were collected using an Olympus BX-UCB microscope and processed using DP controller software. The quantitative analysis of fluorescent intensity was performed using MeTaMorph image analysis software (Molecular Devices, California, USA).
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7

Imaging Neuronal Mitochondria Dynamics

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Primary cortical neurons were cultured on 25 mm glass coverslips coated with 0.05% poly-D-lysine. The cell-attached coverslip was secured to a slide chamber filled with cell culture medium from the original culture well. Live cells were imaged using an Olympus IX81 reverse wide-field microscope using a 60 × 1.45 NA oil objective. During recording, cells were maintained in a stage incubating chamber at 37 °C. Time-lapse image recordings were acquired at an exposure time of 200 ms per frame, at 10-second intervals over a period of 10 minutes by MetaMorph Image Analysis software (Molecular Device, Sunnyvale, CA). The kymographs of mitochondria motility (time/distance re-slicing) were generated and analyzed by Fiji (a distribution of Image J for life sciences, NIH).
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8

Quantification of Lumbar Motor Neurons

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Longitudinal sections (10μm) of the lumbar spinal cord were made from fresh frozen tissue. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was performed on the tissue sections. Within the region containing the ventral horn, three sections were counted (each separated by 20–30μm) to cover the areas of highest motor neuron density within the ventral horn. Motor neurons were identified based on their large size (≥15μm) and by the presence of at least one nucleolus. Images were acquired using a Zeiss microscope 20x objective (0.8NA) and processed with Metamorph image analysis software (Molecular Devices).
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9

Evaluating Angiogenesis in Composite Grafts

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On postoperative day 12, the rabbits were sacrificed and the viable area of the composite graft was excised to produce tissue specimens that were later embedded in paraffin. The histological slides were subjected to immunohistochemical staining using an anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody (ab1316, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) and an anti-CD31 (anti-mouse platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1; PECAM/CD31) polyclonal antibody (ab9498, Abcam). For anti-VEGF, semi-quantitative analysis was performed with the Metamorph image analysis software (Molecular devices, Sunnyvale, CA, USA). For endothelial cells stained with the anti-CD31 antibody, 2 independent observers quantified the degree of neovascularization using high-power microscopy (×400).
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10

Immunofluorescence Analysis of Oocyte Cytoskeleton

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Ten oocytes were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 30 min and permeabilised for 30 min with PBS containing 0.1% Triton X-100. Permeabilised oocytes were blocked for 1 h at room temperature in 1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS before overnight incubation at 4 °C with the primary antibodies for anti-α-tubulin (Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA, USA), anti-HDAC6 and anti-acetyl-α-tubulin. The oocytes were washed several times in 0.05% Tween 20 in PBS (PBST), transferred to a secondary antibody mixture of Alexa Fluor 568 goat anti-mouse and Alexa Fluor 488 goat anti rabbit (Molecular Probes, USA), and incubated at room temperature for 30 min. Aggregates of ubiquitinated proteins (aggresomes) were detected in oocytes after treatment with Tub A using a ProteoStat Aggresome Detection Kit (Enzo Life Sciences, Inc., USA), and confocal images using the TO-PRO-3 fluorescent dye were acquired using an Olympus FV1000 Confocal microscope (Tokyo, Japan), and were processed using the FV10-ASW 2.0 Viewer software (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan). Fluorescent images were acquired using an Olympus BX-UCB microscope and were processed using a DP controller software (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan). The quantitative analysis of the fluorescent intensity was performed using the MeTaMorph image analysis software (Molecular Devices, California, USA).
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