Mice were anesthetized by injection with Ketamine (Ketaject, Phoenix Pharmaceuticals Inc., St. Joseph, MO) and Xylazine (XYLA-JECT, Phoenix Pharmaceuticals Inc., St. Joseph, MO) prior to administration of either vehicle or an aliquot of vehicle containing SP-A1. The SP-A1 was isolated from stably transfected CHO cells and purified using mannose affinity chromatography as described previously48 (link). SP-A1 preparations were made with the SP-A1 6A2 variant. This SP-A1 variant occurs in the general population with the greatest frequency8 (link),49 (link). The exogenous SP-A1 treatment contained SP-A1 (10 μg) in 50 μl of sterile saline with 1 mM CaCl2. We have used similar doses of exogenous SP-A in previous rescue studies22 ,24 (link),29 (link),35 (link),37 (link),38 . Control animals received 50 μl of vehicle (saline and 1 mM CaCl2) alone. We suspended the anesthetized mice by their maxillary incisors, placed the bolus containing SP-A1 or vehicle in the pharynx, and briefly blocked the nostrils, resulting in the aspiration of the instilled bolus. After recovering from anesthesia, the mice were returned to their cages until it was time to harvest alveolar macrophages. In previous studies22 we have found this method of introducing SP-A and other substances to the lungs to be very consistent and reproducible.
Xyla ject
Manufactured by Phoenix Pharmaceuticals
Sourced in United States, Macao, British Indian Ocean Territory
XYLA-JECT is a syringe-based device designed for the safe and precise injection of liquid pharmaceutical products. The core function of this lab equipment is to facilitate the accurate and controlled administration of injectable medications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Ketaject, by Phoenix Pharmaceuticals (5 mentions)
Durapen, by Vedco (2 mentions)
Ketamine, by Pfizer (1 mentions)
Trizol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Streptozotocin (stz), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ketaset, by Zoetis (1 mentions)
Beuthanasia d, by Merck & Co (1 mentions)
17β estradiol sulfate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Novaplus, by Pfizer (1 mentions)
Tungsten electrodes, by A-M Systems (1 mentions)
9 protocols using xyla ject
1
Exogenous SP-A1 Administration in Mice
2
Porcine Model of Diabetic Periodontitis
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The animals were anesthetized with ketamine (Hospira, Lake Forest, IL, USA)/xylazine (Xyla‐Ject; Phoenix, St. Josephs, MO, USA) via intramuscular injection (20 mg/kg) and were weighed afterwards. Blood samples were taken from the superior vena cava of each animal before the induction of experimental diabetes, and blood glucose levels were measured as a baseline at the Stomatological Hospital affiliated to Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. Three pigs were administered with high‐dose streptozotocin (STZ; 150 mg/kg, Sigma, St Louis, MO, USA) diluted in 9.5 mL/mg sterile saline (0.9% NaCl injection, USP; Baxter, Deerfield, IL, USA) via the auricular vein. Blood samples were obtained at days 1, 45, 65 and 85 after the injection. All pigs were killed after 85 days using a pentobarbital overdose. Then, the gingival, kidney and pancreatic tissues of each group were collected. A fraction of the fresh gingival tissue was fixed with TRIzol (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) for epigenetic testing, and the other was fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for histology and immunohistochemistry analysis.
3
Pharmacological Agents for Animal Research
4
Exogenous Surfactant Protein A1 Administration in Mice
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For these experiments mice were anesthetized by injection with Ketamine (Ketaject, Phoenix Pharmaceuticals Inc., St. Joseph, MO) and Xylazine (XYLA-JECT, Phoenix Pharmaceuticals Inc., St. Joseph, MO). SP-A1 was purified from stably transfected CHO cells and isolated by mannose affinity chromatography as described previously [25 (link)]. SP-A1 preparations were made with the SP-A1 6A2 variant. This is an SP-A1 variant that occurs in the general population with the greatest frequency [47 (link), 48 (link)]. The exogenous SP-A1 preparation contained SP-A1 (10 μg) in 50 μl of sterile saline with 1 mM CaCl2. We have used this dose of exogenous SP-A in previous rescue studies [26 (link)]. Control animals received 50 μl of vehicle (saline and 1 mM CaCl2) alone. Anesthetized mice were suspended by their maxillary incisors, the bolus containing SP-A1 or vehicle placed in the pharynx, and the nostrils briefly blocked, resulting in aspiration of the bolus. The mice were returned to their cages after recovery from anesthesia. In previous studies [21 (link), 22 (link), 26 (link)] we have found this method to be very consistent and reproducible for introducing SP-A (and other fluids) to the lungs.
5
Ozone Exposure and Pneumonia Infection in Transgenic Mice
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A total of forty-eight 10–12 week old mice (8 male and 8 female hTG SP-A1mice, 8 male and 8 female hTG SP-A2 mice, and 8 male and 8 female SP-A KO mice) were divided into 12 groups with 4 animals per group (Table 1 ).
Mice were exposed to either 2 parts/million (ppm) ozone or to filtered air (FA) for 3 h as described previously (13 (link), 53 (link)). In brief, four mice were put into a glass exposure vessel with stainless steel wire mesh lids and then placed in a closed glass exposure chamber. Exposures to FA were conducted in parallel at room temperature and 50% humidity using the ozone exposure system as described previously (50 (link), 53 (link), 54 (link)). After FA or ozone exposure, the mice were immediately infected with K. pneumoniae bacteria. This was done by anesthetizing the mice, surgically exposing the trachea, and instilling 50 μl of bacterial suspension. The mice were sacrificed 24 h after infection by anesthetizing them with an intramuscular injection of a 40 μl mixture of Ketamine/HCl a (Ketaset, Fort Dodge Animal Health, IO) and Xylazine (XYLA-JECT, Phoenix Pharmaceuticals Inc., St. Joseph, MO) and exsanguination. The lungs were lavaged with normal saline.
Mice were exposed to either 2 parts/million (ppm) ozone or to filtered air (FA) for 3 h as described previously (13 (link), 53 (link)). In brief, four mice were put into a glass exposure vessel with stainless steel wire mesh lids and then placed in a closed glass exposure chamber. Exposures to FA were conducted in parallel at room temperature and 50% humidity using the ozone exposure system as described previously (50 (link), 53 (link), 54 (link)). After FA or ozone exposure, the mice were immediately infected with K. pneumoniae bacteria. This was done by anesthetizing the mice, surgically exposing the trachea, and instilling 50 μl of bacterial suspension. The mice were sacrificed 24 h after infection by anesthetizing them with an intramuscular injection of a 40 μl mixture of Ketamine/HCl a (Ketaset, Fort Dodge Animal Health, IO) and Xylazine (XYLA-JECT, Phoenix Pharmaceuticals Inc., St. Joseph, MO) and exsanguination. The lungs were lavaged with normal saline.
6
Swine Anesthesia Procedure for Animal Studies
7
Pharmacological Agents Acquisition Protocol
8
Anesthesia for Female Yorkshire Pigs
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All the animal procedures were approved by the Harvard Medical Area Standing Committee on Animals. Three female Yorkshire pigs (Parson's Farm, Hadley, Mass.) weighing 50-60 kg were used for this study. Pigs were allowed to acclimatize for 72 hours before the experiments. Anesthesia was induced with intramuscular administration of 4.4 mg/kg tiletamine and zolazepam (Telazol; Fort Dodge Veterinaria) and 2.5 mg/kg xylazine (Xyla-Ject; Phoenix) per protocol. General anesthesia was maintained with 1% to 3% isoflurane (Novaplus, Hospira) and oxygen via endo-tracheal intubation. Oxygen saturation and heart rate were routinely
9
Extracellular Recordings of Barn Owl ICcl Neurons
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