For the purpose of standardization, perforation of approximately 1.5 mm was made 4 mm from the furcation area in the mesial roots using a #12 round bur (Mani Inc., Japan) directed perpendicular to the long axis of the root. A #15 K file was introduced at the perforation site and visualized under stereomicroscope (Labomed, California, United States) at ×20, and working length was measured using stereomicroscope software. 0.5 mm was reduced from this length and was regarded as the actual length of the perforation site (ALP) [Figure 1a ].
Stereomicroscope
Manufactured by Labomed
Sourced in United States
The Stereomicroscope is a binocular optical instrument that provides a three-dimensional, magnified view of an object. It allows for the examination and observation of samples with depth perception. The Stereomicroscope is designed to deliver a clear, high-resolution image of the subject.
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Lab products found in correlation
6 protocols using stereomicroscope
1
Standardized Dental Root Perforation Measurement
2
Zebrafish Ovarian Follicle Staging and Quantification
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The ovary of an adult zebrafish is identified as a thick structure with extensive lobules. The developmental cycle of the oocyte is asynchronous containing eggs at various stages of development [38 (link)]. The fully matured egg, called Final Growth (FG), undergoes development through different stages, Stage I- Primary growth (PG), Stage II- Pre-Vitellogenic (PV), Stage III- Early vitellogenic stage (EV), Stage IV- Late Vitellogenic (LV) stage.
The ovary was dissected gently to prevent any damage to the gonad and was washed twice in PBS at pH 7.4. The oocytes at different maturation phases were gently dispersed onto a counting slide. The slide was observed under the 40X objective of a stereo-microscope (Labomed, Los Angeles, CA). The follicles were identified by the presence of yolk and the different stages were identified by their morphological features. The number of follicles at each stage of development were counted and estimated as the ovarian reserve of eggs.
The ovary was dissected gently to prevent any damage to the gonad and was washed twice in PBS at pH 7.4. The oocytes at different maturation phases were gently dispersed onto a counting slide. The slide was observed under the 40X objective of a stereo-microscope (Labomed, Los Angeles, CA). The follicles were identified by the presence of yolk and the different stages were identified by their morphological features. The number of follicles at each stage of development were counted and estimated as the ovarian reserve of eggs.
3
Zebrafish Embryos Radiation Abnormalities
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The 24-well plates contained zebrafish embryos from all of the treatment groups were incubated at 26 ± 1 °C. Abnormalities that include body curvature, changes of eye (microphthalmia), head (microcephaly), pericardial oedema, and haemorrhagic occurrence of the irradiated zebrafish embryos were recorded every 24 h. Observations were made using a Labomed stereomicroscope. Graphs that visualized the percentage of abnormalities versus radiation absorption dose (gray, Gy) were plotted.
4
Identifying Ovarian Cysts in Zebrafish
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The presence of cysts in the ovary is a sign of immature follicles that do not form fertilizable eggs and therefore, increased infertility in female zebrafish. The cysts were identified as a dark mass of cells that lack yolk and are irregularly shaped under a 40X objective of a stereo-microscope (Labomed, Los Angeles, CA).
5
Zebrafish Embryo Radiation Toxicity
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The 24-well plates containing zebrafish embryos from all of the embryos groups were incubated at 26 °C ± 1 °C. Assessment of toxicological endpoints (lethality) was performed using stereomicroscope (Labomed) at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h post-irradiation. Lethality in the study was recorded based on the number of zebrafish embryos that coagulated and lacked somite formation with non-detachment of the tail and without cardiac pulse [52 ]. Graphs that visualized the percentage of mortality versus radiation absorption dose (gray, Gy) were plotted.
6
Zebrafish Ovarian Oocyte Development
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The ovary of an adult zebrafish is thick and lobular anatomically, and contains non-synchronously developing oocytes [32 (link)]. The four different stages of oocyte development before the formation of a mature egg (Full growth) are classified as Stage I—Primary growth (PG); Stage II—Pre-vitellogenic; Stage III—Early vitellogenic stage (EV); Stage IV—Late vitellogenic stage.
The ovary was isolated from the dissected fish and was washed twice in PBS. The ovary was dispersed on a glass slide manually to release the follicles; the matured follicles were identified as yolk-filled, dense, morphological structures. The number of oocytes at different developmental stages was counted using a micro-columned slide to estimate the ovarian reserve of eggs. The yolk-filled follicles were counted using the 40× objective of a stereomicroscope (Labomed, Los Angeles, CA, USA).
The ovary was isolated from the dissected fish and was washed twice in PBS. The ovary was dispersed on a glass slide manually to release the follicles; the matured follicles were identified as yolk-filled, dense, morphological structures. The number of oocytes at different developmental stages was counted using a micro-columned slide to estimate the ovarian reserve of eggs. The yolk-filled follicles were counted using the 40× objective of a stereomicroscope (Labomed, Los Angeles, CA, USA).
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