Pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were obtained from ATCC and maintained at 37 °C in complete α-MEM containing 10% FBS (Hyclone, Logan, UT, USA), 100 units/ml penicillin, and 100 g/ml streptomycin at 37 °C in 5% CO2. The bacterial strains E. coli ATCC25922 and S. aureus ATCC25923 were obtained from ATCC. Unless indicated otherwise, all chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) or Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA).
S aureus atcc 25923
Manufactured by American Type Culture Collection
Sourced in United States
S. aureus ATCC 25923 is a bacterial strain from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). It is a reference strain of Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive bacterium. This strain is commonly used for microbiological testing and quality control purposes.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
E coli atcc 25922, by American Type Culture Collection (14 mentions)
P aeruginosa atcc 27853, by American Type Culture Collection (9 mentions)
Escherichia coli atcc 25922, by American Type Culture Collection (6 mentions)
S aureus atcc 43300, by American Type Culture Collection (6 mentions)
E coli, by American Type Culture Collection (4 mentions)
P aeruginosa, by American Type Culture Collection (3 mentions)
S aureus atcc 29213, by American Type Culture Collection (3 mentions)
S epidermidis atcc 12228, by American Type Culture Collection (3 mentions)
P pastoris strain x 33, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
Plasmid ppiczαa, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions)
E coli atcc 10798 k12, by American Type Culture Collection (2 mentions)
B subtilis atcc 6633, by American Type Culture Collection (2 mentions)
C albicans atcc 10231, by American Type Culture Collection (2 mentions)
A baumannii atcc 19606, by American Type Culture Collection (2 mentions)
S typhimurium atcc14028, by American Type Culture Collection (2 mentions)
S pneumoniae atcc 49619, by American Type Culture Collection (2 mentions)
Methicillin resistant s aureus atcc 43300, by American Type Culture Collection (2 mentions)
A hydrophila atcc 7966, by American Type Culture Collection (2 mentions)
K pneumoniae cmcc46117, by American Type Culture Collection (2 mentions)
S agalactiae atcc 13813, by American Type Culture Collection (2 mentions)
58 protocols using s aureus atcc 25923
1
Culturing Pre-Osteoblastic Cells and Bacteria
2
Antimicrobial Silver Nanocomposite Synthesis
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PVA (MW 89,000–98,000 Da, 99% hydrolysis), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), calcium chloride (CaCl2), nitric acid (HNO3), 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), isopropanol, ICP-grade silver nitrate (AgNO3) standard, fetal bovine serum (FBS), Eagle’s minimal essential medium (MEM), tissue-culture grade water, L-glutamine, and penicillin–streptomycin, Mueller–Hinton agar, and nutrient broth were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. The L929 mouse fibroblasts (NCTC clone 929) and HDFB (PCS-201-012) were purchased from ATCC. Reagent-grade AgNO3 was purchased from Merck. Polyurethane containing 0.1% zinc (RM-A) and high-density polyethylene (RM-C) were purchased from Hatano. S. aureus (ATCC 25923) and E. coli (ATCC 25922) were purchased from ATCC (ATCC, USA). Deionized water was used to prepare all solutions.
3
Antibacterial Potential of GC Seed Extract
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Seeds of GC were bought from a nearby herbal store in Srinagar, India. The seeds were evaluated by Taxonomist Dr. Hilal A. Lone, Cluster University, Srinagar. Using a pestle and mortar before extraction, the seeds were washed with water (distilled), deshelled. Dried and crushed to powder form. The seed powder has been stored hidden from sunshine and clear of moisture in dark containers before further study. E. coli strain ATCC-25992 and S aureus ATCC-25923 (ATCC, Rockville, USA), were procured from ATCC, USA. All bacteria were incubated in biological oxygen demand (BOD) incubator 5% CO2 at 37 °C. Bacterial cell cultures were extracted and resuspended with the sterilized 0.9% NaCl to allow the bacterial cell suspension for the antibacterial behavior test. Until usage, the turbidity has been set to a concentration of 1 × 106 CFU mL−1. All other reagents and chemicals used by Panreac Chemicals (Barcelona, Spain) were of analytical grade and were procured.
4
Bacterial Isolation and Identification from Biopsies
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All collected biopsies were intensively washed with 5 ml of normal saline. Twenty µl suspension of each saline-washed specimen was suspended on to each three plates of meat peptone agar. MacConkey agar, a selective media, was also employed to isolate common pathogenic bacteria like Salmonella and Shigella species. Colony forming unit (CFU) count, morphological characteristics of bacterial isolates at average logarithmic growth phase and identification of bacterial species using a series of biochemical tests were aseptically performed. Sterility and performance of the prepared media were checked by parallel inoculation of locally available control strains of American Type Culture Collection: S. aureus (ATCC®-25,923), P. aeruginosa (ATCC®-27,853) and E. coli (ATCC®-25,922).
5
Antibacterial Cellulose-Polymer Composite
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Microcrystalline cellulose (diameter: 100 μm) derived from cotton and PS were purchased from Shanghai Sangon Biotech Co., Ltd. CS with 90% deacetylation degree and 45.25 kDa was from Shanghai Yuanye Biological Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). E. coli, ATCC 25,922 and S. aureus ATCC 25,923 were purchased from ATCC, Rockefeller, MA, USA. The brain heart infusion (BHI), tryptone soybean broth (TSB) and other reagents were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). The glass-bottom dishes and centrifuge tubes was obtained from NEST Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Wuxi, China). All reagents used were analytical grade, deionized water was used in this study.
6
Staphylococcus Antimicrobial Substance Production
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The Staphylococcal target strains used in this study were S. aureus ATCC25923 (ATCC, Rockville, MD, USA), S. aureus NCCP14780 (NCCP, Seoul, Korea), MRSA (ATCC33591), and the test strains were S. epidermidis (ATCC12228 and NCCP14768). Strain stocks were stored in freeze medium containing 30% (w/v) glycerol at −80 °C. An overnight starter culture of Staphylococcus was grown for 16 h in Tryptic Soy Broth (TSB; Becton, Dickinson and company, Sparks, MD, USA) at 37 °C with constant agitation (160 rpm) to be used as an inoculum for the growth experiments. To obtain antimicrobial substances, the overnight culture was diluted 1:100 in Luria broth (LB; LPS solution, Daejeon, Korea) and incubated at 37 °C with constant agitation (160 rpm) for 4–6 h [27 (link)].
7
PVA-Chitosan Antimicrobial Hydrogel
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Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA, Mw: 72,000 Da), chitosan (CS, Mw: 190,000–300,000 Da, 75–85 % deacetylated), phosphate buffer saline (PBS), and 2,2a-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (United States). Nutrient broth and nutrient agar were provided from Gibco Co. (The Netherlands), and ketamine and xylazine were supplied from Alfasan Co. (the Netherlands). All used solvents in the experiments were of analytical grade and obtained from Dr Mojalali Co., Iran. Bacterial strains, E. coli (ATCC 2592) and S. aureus (ATCC 25923), were procured from the Pasteur Institute of Tehran, Iran.
8
Isolation and Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria
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All collected biopsies were intensively washed with 5 ml of normal saline. Twenty µl suspension of each saline-washed specimen was suspended on to each three plates of meat peptone agar.
MacConkey agar, a selective media, was also employed to isolate common pathogenic bacteria like Salmonella and Shigella species. Colony forming unit (CFU) count, morphological characteristics of bacterial isolates at average logarithmic growth phase and identification of bacterial species using a series of biochemical tests were aseptically performed. Sterility and performance of the prepared media were checked by parallel inoculation of localy available control strains of American Type Culture Collection: S. aureus (ATCC ® -25923), P. aeruginosa (ATCC ® -27853) and E. coli (ATCC ® -25922).
MacConkey agar, a selective media, was also employed to isolate common pathogenic bacteria like Salmonella and Shigella species. Colony forming unit (CFU) count, morphological characteristics of bacterial isolates at average logarithmic growth phase and identification of bacterial species using a series of biochemical tests were aseptically performed. Sterility and performance of the prepared media were checked by parallel inoculation of localy available control strains of American Type Culture Collection: S. aureus (ATCC ® -25923), P. aeruginosa (ATCC ® -27853) and E. coli (ATCC ® -25922).
9
Heterologous Protein Expression in P. pastoris
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P. pastoris strain X-33, E. coli strain DH5α, and pPICZα-A plasmid were bought from Invitrogen Corporation (Carlsbad, CA, USA). They were used for gene manipulation and heterologous protein expression. E. coli American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 25922, E. coli H7: O157 ATCC 35150, Bacillus subtilis AHU 1035, S. aureus ATCC 25923, L. monocytogenes ATCC 21633, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and Salmonella enteriditis ATCC 10467 were obtained from the ATCC (http:// www. atcc. org/). Restriction enzymes and T4 ligase for DNA fragments cloning were purchased from Life Technologies Corporation (Carlsbad, CA, USA) and Ni-NTA resin for protein purification were bought from GE Healthcare Corporation (Chicago, IL, USA). All other chemicals were bought from Solarbio (Beijing, China).
10
Antibiotic Resistance and Oleanolic Acid Evaluation
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All bacterial strains
are listed inTables S1 and S2 . S. aureus USA300; S. aureus USA400, MRSA 252; S. aureus ATCC
29213; S. aureus ATCC 25904; and S. aureus ATCC 25923 were purchased from American
Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Animal- and human-origin clinical
isolates, including MRSA, E. coli,
and K. pneumoniae, were collected in
Shandong and Jilin, China; these isolates carried one or more β-lactamases.27 (link)S. aureus 8325-4
was obtained from Prof. Timothy J. Foster.15 (link)E. coli BL21(DE3)(pET28a-SP-NDM-1)
carried an NDM-1 gene originating from K. pneumoniae QD-KP2. E. coli BL21(DE3)(pET21a)
was used as a type C β-lactamase-positive strain. In addition, E. coli BL21(DE3)(pET28a) and S. aureus ATCC 25923 were used as negative control strains.
OA and its
analogues (corosolic acid (CA), ursolic acid, maslinic acid, glycyrrhizic
acid, α-boswellic acid, and arjunolic acid) (Figure S1 ) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO.
All antibiotics were purchased from the National Institute for the
Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products (Beijing, China).
are listed in
29213; S. aureus ATCC 25904; and S. aureus ATCC 25923 were purchased from American
Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Animal- and human-origin clinical
isolates, including MRSA, E. coli,
and K. pneumoniae, were collected in
Shandong and Jilin, China; these isolates carried one or more β-lactamases.27 (link)S. aureus 8325-4
was obtained from Prof. Timothy J. Foster.15 (link)E. coli BL21(DE3)(pET28a-SP-NDM-1)
carried an NDM-1 gene originating from K. pneumoniae QD-KP2. E. coli BL21(DE3)(pET21a)
was used as a type C β-lactamase-positive strain. In addition, E. coli BL21(DE3)(pET28a) and S. aureus ATCC 25923 were used as negative control strains.
OA and its
analogues (corosolic acid (CA), ursolic acid, maslinic acid, glycyrrhizic
acid, α-boswellic acid, and arjunolic acid) (
All antibiotics were purchased from the National Institute for the
Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products (Beijing, China).
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