Aldh2

NuPAGE 4–12 % Bis-Tris gel (Invitrogen) was used to separate cell protein lysates, which were then transferred to PVDF membranes (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). The membranes were blocked and then kept at 4 °C with the primary antibodies listed below: P-AMPK (1:1000), P-ACC (1:1000), P-JNK (1:1000), P-P38MAPK (1:1000), G6PD (1:1000), BCL-2 (1:1000), BCL-XL (1:1000), SIRT2 (1:1000) and cleaved caspase 3 (1:1000) (Cell signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA); cytochrome c (1:2000) (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA); P35 (1:1000), cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulator 1 (CDK5R1; 1:1000), P-CDK5 (1:1000), CDK5 (1:1000), P-PKCɛ (1:1000), and PRDX3 (1:1000) (Santa Cruz, Dallas, TX, USA); NAMPT (1:1000) ALDH2 (1:1000) (Proteintech, Rosemont, IL, USA); and ALDH2 (1:1000), P-p66Shc (1:1000) 4HNE (1:2000) and ACTIN (1:5000) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK). Membranes were then treated with HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies. ECL reagents (ECL Plus; Amersham, GE Healthcare Life Sciences, Little Chalfont, Buckinghamshire, UK) were used to identify immunoreactive proteins. An anti-acetyl Lysine antibody was used to co-immunoprecipitate the cell protein lysates.