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4 protocols using oxoid campygen sachet

1

Isolation and Identification of Campylobacter jejuni

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Stools collected by local health departments from persons presumed to have Campylobacter jejuni were plated on Campy CVA agar plates (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA). Isolates previously identified and submitted by clinical laboratories were plated on trypticase soy agar plates supplemented with 5% sheep blood. Agar plates were incubated overnight at 42°C under microaerophilic conditions created in a 2.5-liter jar with 5% O2, 10% CO2, and 85% N2 produced by an Oxoid CampyGen sachet (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The plates were examined at 24, 48, and 72 h for characteristic Campylobacter growth. Colonies exhibiting typical Campylobacter morphology were tested biochemically, with Campylobacter jejuni being identified based on positive oxidase, catalase, and hippurate reactions (15 (link)). Isolated colonies were archived at −80°C in a cryopreservative broth containing approximately 20 to 30 individual CryoBeads (Hardy Diagnostics, Santa Maria, CA).
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2

Isolating and Extracting DNA from Campylobacter

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Frozen isolates were removed from the −80°C freezer and allowed to thaw briefly. A sterile wooden stick was then used to remove approximately 5 CryoBeads (Thermo Fisher Scientific) from the freezer vial, and they were plated on a blood agar plate (Thermo Fisher Scientific) with gentle rolling. Plates were incubated overnight at 42°C under microaerophilic conditions created in a 2.5-liter jar with 5% O2, 10% CO2, and 85% N2 produced by an Oxoid CampyGen sachet (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Using a sterile loop, approximately 1 μl of growth was transferred to 1 ml of sterile PBS and vortex-mixed. These cells were centrifuged at 5,000 × g for 10 min. The supernatant was removed, and the pelleted bacteria were used for DNA extraction using the DNeasy blood and tissue kit (Qiagen). For isolates that could not be recovered from frozen cultures, DNA was extracted directly from the PFGE plugs with the QIAquick gel extraction kit (Qiagen). DNA in the final eluate was quantified by using a Qubit 3.0 fluorometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
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3

Culturing and Maintaining Helicobacter pylori

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A complete list of the strains, plasmids, and primers used in this study can be found in S1S3 Tables. H. pylori was grown on Columbia blood agar (Difco) plates containing 5% (v/v) defibrinated horse blood (Hemostat Labs), 50 μg/mL cycloheximide (Sigma), 10 μg/mL vancomycin (Sigma), 5 μg/mL cefsulodin (Sigma), 2.5 U/mL polymyxin B (Sigma), 5 μg/mL trimethoprim (Sigma), 8 μg/mL amphotericin B (Fisher Scientific), 0.2% (w/v) β-cyclodextrin (Sigma), and 25 μg/mL chloramphenicol (Sigma) or 50 μg/mL kanamycin (Fisher Scientific) as needed at 37°C in a humidified 10% CO2 incubator for 2–3 days. Overnight cultures were prepared in vented T25 flasks (Falcon) using Brucella broth (Difco) containing 10% (v/v) heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS-HI; Gibco). Flasks were incubated for 16–18 h at 37°C with shaking at 100 rpm under microaerophilic conditions using a 2.5 L gas pack jar containing an Oxoid CampyGen sachet (Thermo Fisher).
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4

Helicobacter hepaticus Infection Model for Intestinal Inflammation

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Helicobacter hepaticus was originally purchased from ATCC (#51449). Frozen stock was stored at −80°C in Brucella broth (BD) with 20% glycerol (Sigma-Aldrich). For maintenance and infection, the bacteria were grown on Brucella agar plates (BD) supplemented with 5% sheep blood (Thermo Scientific) in anaerobic jars with Oxoid CampyGen sachet (Thermo Scientific) at 37°C for 5 days. Mice were oral infected with 108 CFU Helicobacter hepaticus on day 0 and 5, and 800 μg of anti-IL-10R antibody (BioXcell, clone 1B1.3A) was administered intraperitoneally per week. Tissue samples from the intestines of mice were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, embedded in paraffin, and 5 μm sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Histopathological scoring of intestinal inflammation was performed in a blind manner according to a previous publication53 (link). Briefly, inflammation was graded on a scale from 0 to 3, including the following criteria: (i) epithelial hyperplasia and goblet cell depletion, (ii) lamina propria leukocyte infiltration, (iii) area of tissue affected, (iv) markers of severe inflammation, including crypt abscesses, sub-mucosal inflammation, and ulceration. Scores for individual criteria were added up for an overall inflammation score between 0 and 12.
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