Coolpix p520

The measurement of cervicothoracic angle is a clinical measurement [22 (link)] that indicates the neck posture and is defined as the angle between C7 spinal process, the middle of the ear tragus, and the horizontal level. The cervicothoracic angle measures the angle produced between the horizontal plane of the picture and the line of C7 spinal process and the tragus of the ear for the traction of the head. The digital photo pictures were taken with a Nikon Coolpix P520 and the analyses of the angles were done with digital protractor in Photoshop software. The reduced value of this angle is an indication for forward head posture [25 (link)]. For this clinical measurement, a digital camera Nikon Coolpix P520 was placed in a stable base in the kinesiotherapy lab of the institution, 3 metres away from each patient calibrated in a specific place for the whole duration of the study. The participant position for measurement was standardised supported sitting and participants were asked to stare at a stable marker placed in the wall, ahead of them. Reliability of the cervicothoracic angle was measured in 15 healthy subjects with digital protractor with Photoshop CS3 software (3 consecutive days) and yielded excellent intraexaminer reliability ICC = 0.91.

Photography. Specimens were photographed using Canon EOS 800D with 100 mm macro lens, and partial images were stacked using Photoshop CS6. Photographs of the habitat were made using Nikon Coolpix P520.
Terminology. Morphological terminology and measurements follow Zheng (2005) , Tumbrinck (2014) and Muhammad et al. (2018) (link). Measurements are given in millimeters (mm).
Depository. Type and voucher specimens are deposited in the Specimen Room of the School of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University (HNU), Huaibei, Anhui Province, China.
Taxonomy. Taxonomy follows Cigliano et al. (2020) (= Orthoptera Species File).

High-resolution digital photogrammetry was undertaken to achieve a more objective representation of track three-dimensional morphology, according to a recently described standard protocol for ichnological studies (Falkingham et al., 2018 (link)). To model the studied specimens, the software package Agisoft PhotoScan Pro (Educational License), which enables creating 3D textured meshes by means of semi-automatic processing of images (Mallison & Wings, 2014 ), was used.
The images selected for the photogrammetric process were acquired using a Nikon Coolpix P520 camera with 4.3–7.6 focal length, resolution 4,896 × 3,672 and pixel size ranging from 1.25 × 1.25 µm and 1.27 × 1.27 µm. Main processing parameters are reported in Table 1. In order to correctly scale the calculated model, a metric reference marker was applied on the surface. Three-dimensional models were converted to colour topographic profiles using the software Paraview (version 5.4.1).