Lithium bis trifluoromethanesulfonyl imide litfsi

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) is a lithium salt that is commonly used as an electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries and other energy storage devices. It has a high ionic conductivity and is a key component in many electrochemical applications.

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11 protocols using lithium bis trifluoromethanesulfonyl imide litfsi

Synthesis of Polymeric Electrolyte Components

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Glycerol propoxylate (1PO/OH) triacrylate (GPTA, M_n ≈ 428 g mol⁻¹), poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA, M_n = 700 g mol⁻¹), 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPAP, 99%), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI, ≥99%), N-methylpyrrole (99%) and EDOT (97%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. 1H-Pyrrole (99%, extra pure) was bought from ACROS and freshly destilled prior to use. All chemicals were stored and processed under argon atmosphere in a glove box.

Leš K, & Jordan C.S. (2020). Ionic conductivity enhancement in solid polymer electrolytes by electrochemical in situ formation of an interpenetrating network. RSC Advances, 10(68), 41296-41304.

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Perovskite Solar Cell Materials and Fabrication

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All chemicals were stored in a drying room with a dew point temperature of – 30 °C and employed without having any purification. As for the transparent conductive layer, fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates were purchased from Nippon Sheet Glass Co. Ltd (NSG) and SPD laboratory Inc (SPD). They are mentioned as “Rough FTO” for the one from NSG and “Flat FTO” for the one from SPD respectively. Both FTO substrates showed an average sheet resistance of 10 Ω/□ and 80% transmittance in visible range while an average film thickness was 800 nm for Rough FTO and 1000 nm for Flat FTO. The chemicals to prepare perovskite layer, PbI₂ (99.99%) is obtained from Kojundo Chemical Laboratory Co., LTD and MAI from Tokyo Chemical Industry (TCI). Titanium diisopropoxide bis (acetylacetonate) (75 wt% in isopropanol), lithium bis (trifluoro methanesulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI) and 4-tert-butylpyridine (tBP) are purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. TiO₂ paste with a size of 24 nm nano particle was purchased from JGC C&C. Spiro-OMeTAD ((2,20,7,70-tetrakis-(N,N-di-4-methoxyphenylamino)-9,90-spirobifluorene)) is bought from Merck. All the solvents are obtained from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, LTD.

Takahashi S., Uchida S., Jayaweera P.V., Kaneko S, & Segawa H. (2023). Impact of compact TiO2 interface modification on the crystallinity of perovskite solar cells. Scientific Reports, 13, 16068.

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Comprehensive Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication

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InZnO (IZO) target was bought from JX Nippon Mining & Metals (99.9%). Spiro-OMeTAD was bought from Merck. Polyethylenimine, 80%-ethoxylated solution, 35–40 wt.% in H₂O, 4-tertbutylpyridine (TBP) lithium fluoride (LiF) powder, and lithium-bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li-TFSI) were bought from Sigma-Aldrich. CH₃NH₃I (powder, ITEM# MS101000) and PbI₂ (ultra-dry, 99.999%, metals basis) were purchased from Dyesol (Australia) and Alfa Aesar, respectively. Fullerene carbon 60 powder (C₆₀) was bought from SES Research (purity > 99.5%). Bathocuproine (BCP) and 4,6-Bis(3,5-di(pyridin-4-yl)phenyl)-2-methylpyrimidine (B4PyMPM) were purchased from Angstrom Engineering Inc. and Tris(2,4,6-trimethyl-3-(pyridin-3-yl)phenyl)borane (3TPYMB) was bought from Luminescence Technology Corp. (Lumtec). Tin(IV) oxide colloidal dispersion was purchased from Alfa Aesar. For a-TiO₂ layer by ALD: tetrakis(dimethylamino)titanium(IV) (TDMAT) 5N was bought from Merck. All chemicals were used as received without any further treatment for purification.

Pisoni S., Stolterfoht M., Löckinger J., Moser T., Jiang Y., Caprioglio P., Neher D., Buecheler S, & Tiwari A.N. (2019). On the origin of open-circuit voltage losses in flexible n-i-p perovskite solar cells. Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 20(1), 786-795.

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Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells

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All chemicals were used as purchased without any purification. The materials for preparing the perovskite absorber, including PbBr₂ (99%), MABr (>98%), and KI (>99.5%), were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry (TCI) Co., LTD. The PbI₂ (99.99%) was obtained from Kojundo Chemical Laboratory Co., LTD. The FAI (>99%) was purchased from Dyesol, LTD. Titanium diisopropoxide bis(acetylacetonate) (75 wt. % in isopropanol), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI), and 4-tert-butylpyridine (tBP) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Magnesium(II) Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Mg(TFSI)₂) as a dopant in the compact layer was also obtained from TCI Co., LTD. TiO₂ paste with a size of 24 nm was purchased from JGC C&C. The Spiro-OMeTAD was purchased from Merck. All solvents were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, LTD.

Tang Z., Bessho T., Awai F., Kinoshita T., Maitani M.M., Jono R., Murakami T.N., Wang H., Kubo T., Uchida S, & Segawa H. (2017). Hysteresis-free perovskite solar cells made of potassium-doped organometal halide perovskite. Scientific Reports, 7, 12183.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Perovskite Solar Cells

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Isophthalaldehyde and 4,4′-biphenyldicarboxaldehyde were purchased from Acros Organics and 2,2′-bitiophene-5,5′-dicarboxaldehyde from TCI. In addition, 4,4′-Diformyltriphenylamine, thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-2,5-dicarboxaldehyde, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), activated charcoal, KBr, Bu₄NPF₆ and solvents were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Merck, Rahway, NJ, USA). The materials used for perovskite solar cells were surfactant, fluorine doped tin oxide coated glass slides (FTOs, 7 Ω/sq, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), ethanol (EtOH, POCH), hydrochloric acid (HCl, CHEMPUR), tetraethyl orthotitanate ((C₂H₅O)₄Ti, Merck), paste Ti-Nanoxide T/SP (Solaronix), anhydrous N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, Sigma-Aldrich), isopropanol (IPA, POCH), lead iodide (PbI₂, Sigma-Aldrich), methylammonium iodide (MAI, Solaronix) and chlorobenzene (C₆H₅Cl, POCH). Additionaly, 4-Tert-butyl pyridine (TBP) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (Li-TFSI) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Merck). Materials used for prototype OFET devices were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Merck) and Ossila. Furthermore, 2,5-Diamino-thiophene-3,4-dicarboxylic acid diethyl ester (DAT) was synthesized according to publication [31 (link)].

Pająk A.K., Kotowicz S., Gnida P., Małecki J.G., Ciemięga A., Łuczak A., Jung J, & Schab-Balcerzak E. (2022). Synthesis and Characterization of New Conjugated Azomethines End-Capped with Amino-thiophene-3,4-dicarboxylic Acid Diethyl Ester. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(15), 8160.

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Organic Photovoltaic Device Fabrication

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The chemicals used in this study were obtained from various suppliers and used without further purification. PTB7‐Th, COTIC‐4F, and PC₇₁BM were purchased from Solarmer Material Inc. Zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(Ac)₂·2H₂O), chlorobenzene (CB), 1‐chloronaphthalene (1‐CN), and 2‐methoxyethanol were obtained from J&K Scientific. PEIE solution (80% ethoxylated, 37 wt% in H₂O) was purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich. PEDOT:PSS (PH1000, PEDOT:PSS ratio 1:2.5 by weight) was purchased from Clevios. Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI, 99%) was obtained from Sigma‐Aldrich. EG (98%) was purchased from Macklin. The ITO target for magnetron sputtering, as well as gold, silver, and MoO₃ source materials for thermal evaporation, were purchased from ZhongNuo Advanced Material.

Lou Z., Tao J., Wei B., Jiang X., Cheng S., Wang Z., Qin C., Liang R., Guo H., Zhu L., Müller‐Buschbaum P., Cheng H, & Xu X. (2023). Near‐Infrared Organic Photodetectors toward Skin‐Integrated Photoplethysmography‐Electrocardiography Multimodal Sensing System. Advanced Science, 10(36), 2304174.

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Preparation of Lithium-Based Electrolytes

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Lithium nitride (LiNO₃), manganese (II) acetate tetrahydrate (Mn [CH₃CO₂]₂·4H₂O), polyethylenimine
(PEI), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide
(LiTFSI) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Manganese bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide
(#47179, Mn(TFSI)₂) was purchased from Alfa Aesar. 1 M
lithium perchlorate (LiClO₄) in propylene carbonate (PC)
was purchased from Novolyte Technologies, part of the BASF Group.
1 M lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF₆) in PC was purchased
from Sigma-Aldrich. 1 M LiTFSI in PC was prepared by dissolving LiTFSI
in pure PC (Sigma-Aldrich). The water content of all electrolytes
was measured using the Karl Fischer titration method. Water content
in our LiClO₄, LiPF₆, and LiTFSI-based electrolytes
were found to be 5.5 ppm, 8.3 ppm, and 7.1 ppm, respectively.

Huang D., Engtrakul C., Nanayakkara S., Mulder D.W., Han S.D., Zhou M., Luo H, & Tenent R.C. (2021). Understanding Degradation at the Lithium-Ion Battery Cathode/Electrolyte Interface: Connecting Transition-Metal Dissolution Mechanisms to Electrolyte Composition. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 13(10), 11930-11939.

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Fabrication of Perovskite Solar Cells

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All reagents and chemicals were purchased from commercial
suppliers
without further purification. Tin dioxide(IV) and 15% hydrocolloid
dispersion (SnO₂) were purchased from Alfa Aesar. Nickel(II)
acetate tetrahydrate (Ni(OCOCH₃)₂·4H₂O, 99.995% trace metals basis), PbI₂, spiro-OMeTAD
(purity ≥99.8%), sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), isopropanol
(IPA), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF),
dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), chlorobenzene (CB), acetonitrile (ACN),
4-tert-butylpyridine (tBP), lithium bis(trifluoromethane
sulfonyl)imide (Li-TFSI), and FK 209 Co(III) TFSI salts were from
Sigma-Aldrich. Formamidinium iodide (FAI), methylammonium chloride
(MACl), and methylammonium bromide (MABr) were obtained from GreatCell
Solar.

Quy H.V, & Bark C.W. (2022). Ni-Doped SnO2 as an Electron Transport Layer by a Low-Temperature Process in Planar Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS Omega, 7(26), 22256-22262.

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Graphene-Based Lithium-Ion Battery Protocol

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The graphene powders were purchased from Graphene Supermarket. Acetone, 1‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolydinone (NMP), poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and electrolyte components such as 1,3‐dioxalne (DOL), dimethoxy ethane (DME), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) and lithium nitrate (LiNO₃) for battery evaluation were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich. The ethyl cyanoacrylate (loctite 401) was purchased from Henkel Adhesive Technologies. Super P conductive carbon black, LiNiCoMnO₂ (Ni:Co:Mn = 8:1:1), and conductive aluminum foil were purchased from MTI Kora. Lithium foil and copper foil were purchased from Honjo Chemical Corp and UACJ Foil Corp, respectively.

Won J.H., Sim W.H., Kim D, & Jeong H.M. (2022). Densely Packed Li‐Metal Growth on Anodeless Electrodes by Li+‐Flux Control in Space‐Confined Narrow Gap of Stratified Carbon Pack for High‐Performance Li‐Metal Batteries. Advanced Science, 10(3), 2205328.

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Perovskite Solar Cell Fabrication Protocol

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Transparent, conductive, fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass (surface resistivity: 7

Ω

/sq) substrates were purchased from Solaronix. For the synthesis of TiO

_{2}

compact layer, titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) and titanium(IV) butoxide (Ti(OBu)

_{4}

) from Fluka Analytical were used. Ethanol (95%) from Sigma-Aldrich was used as the solvent for the synthesis. Titanium chloride (TiCl

_{4}

) was used for the surface treatment of the TiO

_{2}

layer. For the perovskite solution, PbI

_{2}

(99.99%), CH

_{3}

_{3}

I (99.5%), 2,2

^{'}

,7,7

^{'}

-tetrakis (N, N-di-p-methoxyphenilamine)-9,9

^{'}

-spirobiflourene (spiro-OMeTAD, 99.5%), lithium bis-(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (Li-TFSI, 99.9%), and 4-tert-butylpyridine (TBP, 96%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Titanium(IV) isopropoxide (99.999%), chlorobenzene (99.9%), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 99.9%), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, anhydrous 99.9%),

γ

-butyrolactone (GBL), sulfolane, acetic acid (AcOH, 99%), and acetonitrile (99.9%) were also obtained from Sigma Aldrich. For the metal evaporation, gold metal (99.99%) and silver metal (99.9%) were purchased from Kurt J. Lesker company.

Siripraparat A., Mittanonsakul P., Pansa-Ngat P., Seriwattanachai C., Kumnorkaew P., Kaewprajak A., Kanjanaboos P, & Pakawatpanurut P. (2023). All green sulfolane-based solvent enhanced electrical conductivity and rigidity of perovskite crystalline layer. Scientific Reports, 13, 9335.

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