2 deoxy d glucose

Manufactured by Selleck Chemicals

Sourced in United States

2-deoxy-D-glucose is a chemical compound used in laboratory settings. It is a glucose analog that inhibits glycolysis, the metabolic process that converts glucose into energy. The compound can be utilized for research purposes, but its specific applications and intended uses are not provided in this factual description.

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2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG, (13 citations)

7 protocols using 2 deoxy d glucose

Cell Line Cultivation and Treatment

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A549, A427, and MCF7 cells were retrieved from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and cultured in DMEM + 10% FBS or EMEM + 10% FBS according to ATCC recommendations. All cell lines tested negative for mycoplasma contamination and were authenticated by short tandem repeat (STR) analysis. Paclitaxel (Selleckchem) was dissolved in DMSO (10mM) and diluted in media for use. 2-deoxy-d-glucose (Selleckchem) was dissolved in media (100mM), filtered, and further diluted in media for use.

Kuenzi B.M., Park J., Fong S.H., Sanchez K.S., Lee J., Kreisberg J.F., Ma J, & Ideker T. (2020). Predicting Drug Response and Synergy Using a Deep Learning Model of Human Cancer Cells. Cancer cell, 38(5), 672-684.e6.

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Quantitative Drug Response Assay

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Tariquidar, paclitaxel, doxorubicin, orlistat, JQ1, AS1842856, linsitinib, panobinostat, vorinostat, belinostat, and LMK-235 (all from Selleckchem, Houston, TX, USA) and tepoxalin (Toronto Research Chemicals, North York, ON, CA) were prepared in DMSO. Metformin and 2-deoxy-D-glucose (both from Selleckchem) were prepared in complete culture medium. Prior to plating for drug response assays, breast cancer cell lines transduced with tet-inducible eGFP or ABCB1 lentiviruses were exposed to 1 µg/mL doxycycline for 24 hours to induce gene expression. After 24 hours of doxycycline exposure, 5,000 cells/well were seeded in 30 µL of RPMI + 10% FBS in 384-well microplates (Corning cat. no. 3764, Corning, NY, USA). After 24 hours, 10 µL of 4X drug was added in quadruplicate per dose. Upon 72 hours of drug treatment, 30 µL CellTiterGlo (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) was added and luminescence assessed according to manufacturer's directions using an Infinite M1000 Pro plate reader (Tecan, Morrisville, NC, USA).

McQuerry J.A., Chen J., Chang J.T, & Bild A.H. (2021). Tepoxalin increases chemotherapy efficacy in drug-resistant breast cancer cells overexpressing the multidrug transporter gene ABCB1. Translational Oncology, 14(10), 101181.

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Anticancer Drug Screening Compounds

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Tigecycline (S1403), Cobimetinib (S8041), Gefitinib (S1025) and 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (S4701) were purchased from Selleck Chemicals. Trametinib (HY-10999) was purchased from MedChemExpress.

Zhou Y., Wang S., Wu W., Ling J., Li H., Jia Q., Zheng J., Zheng X., Yu R., Wu Q., Shi Y., Lieftink C., Beijersbergen R.L., Yuan S., Bernards R., Jin H, & Qin W. (2022). Sustained activation of EGFR-ERK1/2 signaling limits the response to tigecycline-induced mitochondrial respiratory deficiency in liver cancer. eBioMedicine, 87, 104397.

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Cytotoxic Effects of 2-DG

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After Cells are seeded in 96-well culture plates at 4000 per well overnight, 2-DG (2-deoxy-d-glucose, Selleck) in different concentrations (0, 5.7, 16.7, and 50 mM) is added for incubation at 37 °C and 5% CO₂ for 48 h. The cell survival rate in each group is evaluated by the MTT assay kit and normalized to that of the control group (0 mM).

Han Z., Zhang W., Ning W., Wang C., Deng W., Li Z., Shang Z., Shen X., Liu X., Baba O., Morita T., Chen L., Xue Y, & Jia D. (2021). Model-based analysis uncovers mutations altering autophagy selectivity in human cancer. Nature Communications, 12, 3258.

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Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism Protocol

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Febuxostat, allopurinol, topiroxostat, adenosine, guanosine, xanthine, hypoxanthine, Inosine 5'-monophosphate disodium salt hyprate, uridine and D-ribose were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Forodesine was purchased from MedChemExpress (NJ, USA). 2-Deoxy-D-glucose was purchased from Selleckchem (Houston, TX, USA). Glutamine and inosine were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent (Shanghai, China). Glutamate, aspartate, asparagine, serine, glycine, alanine, arginine, lysine, valine, histidine, methionine, tyrosine and leucine were purchased from J&K Scientific (Shanghai, China).

Chen M.M., Guo W., Chen S.M., Guo X.Z., Xu L., Ma X.Y., Wang Y.X., Xie C, & Meng L.H. (2023). Xanthine dehydrogenase rewires metabolism and the survival of nutrient deprived lung adenocarcinoma cells by facilitating UPR and autophagic degradation. International Journal of Biological Sciences, 19(3), 772-788.

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Mitochondrial and Glycolytic Profiling of Macrophages

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Macrophages were seeded into 24-well plates and then treated with 10 μM SP or 1 μM RP67580 or 1 μg/mL LY93 for 24 hours. To measure mitochondrial respiration, the cells were sequentially treated with 1.5 mM oligomycin (Selleck, Shanghai, China, S1478), 1.5 mM carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone (S8276, Selleck), and 1.0 mM rotenone/antimycin A (Sigma-Aldrich, R8875). To measure glycolytic activity, the cells were subsequently treated with 10 mM glucose (Sigma-Aldrich, NIST917C), 1 μM oligomycin, and 50 mM 2-deoxy-D-glucose (Selleck, S4710). A Seahorse Xf96 analyzer (Seahorse Bioscience, Boston, MA, USA) was used for evaluation.

Hua F., Wang H.R., Bai Y.F., Sun J.P., Wang W.S., Xu Y., Zhang M.S, & Liu J. (2023). Substance P promotes epidural fibrosis via induction of type 2 macrophages. Neural Regeneration Research, 18(10), 2252-2259.

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Measuring Antigen Uptake Inhibition

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For antigen uptake inhibition, sodium orthovanadate (Selleck), 2-deoxy-D-glucose (Selleck), lovastatin (Selleck), latrunculin B (Adipogen), dynasore (MedChemExpress), GI254023X (Selleck), and amiloride (Selleck) were used at the indicated concentrations.

Zou J.T., Jing H.M., Yuan Y., Lei L.H., Chen Z.F., Gou Q., Xiong Q.S., Zhang X.L., Zhao Z., Zhang X.K., Zeng H., Zou Q.M, & Zhang J.Y. (2021). Pore-forming alpha-hemolysin efficiently improves the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of protein antigens. PLoS Pathogens, 17(7), e1009752.

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