7600 chemical analyzer

A fasting venous blood sample was collected from each participant. Levels of total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), serum creatinine (Scr), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were analyzed using an automatic analyzer (Hitachi 7600 chemical analyzer). Levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were estimated by high-pressure liquid chromatography using an analyzer (HLC-723G7, Tosoh Corporation, Japan). The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation developed for the Chinese population. The levels of glucose, C-peptide, and insulin were measured after overnight fasting and 120 min after a 100-g steamed bread meal test, to avoid severe glucose fluctuation in patients with type 2 diabetes. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and postprandial plasma glucose (PPG) were analyzed using the hexokinase method and an automatic analyzer (Hitachi 7600 chemical analyzer). C-peptide and insulin levels were measured using the chemiluminescence method with an ADVIA Centaur XP automatic analyzer (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics). The urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) was measured by an enzymatic method on the Roche/Hitachi cobas c system (Roche Diagnostic GmbH, Mannheim, Germany).

Blood samples were drawn from the subjects’ forearms after overnight fasting. The whole bloods were collected in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-treated tubes and centrifuged at 3,000 × g for 10 minutes at 4°C to separate plasma. FBG and 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose (PP2) levels were determined by the glucose hexokinase method using a Hitachi 7020 Autoanalyzer (Hitachi Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). Total cholesterol (Total-C), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were measured by the direct homogenous method. Triglyceride (TG) levels were assessed using a Hitachi 7600 Chemical Analyzer (Hitachi Ltd.). HbA1c levels were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography using a VARIANT II Turbo apparatus (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA).