The sanitizers used in this study were chlorous acid water (Honbusankei Co., Ltd.) and NaClO (Nankai Chemical Co., Ltd.). Sodium thiosulfate, sodium chlorite, KH2PO4, K2HPO4, NaOH, N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) and sodium sulfate were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co. Ltd. BSA (35% in PBS), polypeptone and meat extract were purchased from Sigma, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd. and Nacalai Tesque Inc., respectively. BSA, polypeptone and meat extract were added to microbicidal assays as an organic matter load.
Sodium sulfate
Manufactured by Fujifilm
Sourced in Japan
Sodium sulfate is a white crystalline salt used in various industrial and laboratory applications. It is a common desiccant and is used as a component in detergents, textiles, and paper production. Sodium sulfate is also employed in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Hexane, by Fujifilm (3 mentions)
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Fujifilm (3 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Fujifilm (3 mentions)
Acetone, by Fujifilm (2 mentions)
Ethanol, by Fujifilm (2 mentions)
Sodium chloride (nacl), by Fujifilm (2 mentions)
Methanol, by Fujifilm (2 mentions)
Fructose, by Fujifilm (2 mentions)
Meat extract, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium thiosulfate, by Fujifilm (1 mentions)
Kh2po4, by Fujifilm (1 mentions)
3 3 5 5 tetramethylbenzidine (tmb), by Tokyo Chemical Industry (1 mentions)
Sodium chlorite, by Fujifilm (1 mentions)
K2hpo4, by Fujifilm (1 mentions)
Bde mxe, by Wellington Laboratories (1 mentions)
Silica gel, by Kanto Chemical (1 mentions)
Fluoranthene, by Fujifilm (1 mentions)
Hexane, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Anthracene, by Fujifilm (1 mentions)
Benzo b fluoranthene, by Fujifilm (1 mentions)
8 protocols using sodium sulfate
1
Microbial Inactivation Assay Protocol
2
Analysis of PBDE and BZT-UVs in Environmental Samples
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The standards for the 27 PBDE congeners (BDE-3, 7, 15, 17, 28, 47, 49, 66, 71, 77, 85, 99, 100, 119, 126, 138, 153, 154, 156, 183, 184, 191, 196, 197, 206, 207, 209) (BDE-MXE) were obtained from Wellington Laboratories Inc. (Guelph, ON, Canada). 13C12-labeled PBDEs (isomer #3, 15, 28, 47, 99, 100, 126, 153, 154, 183, 197, 207 and −209) (MBDE-MXG-STK) spiked as internal standards and 13C12-labeled BDE-79, -138, and −206) (MBDE-ISS-G) as syringe spikes were obtained from Wellington Laboratories Inc. (Guelph, ON, Canada). Analytical standards of four BZT-UVs (UV-320, UV-326, UV-327, and UV-328) were purchased from AccuStandard, Inc. (New Haven, CT, USA) (See key resources table for detail).
Pesticide residue analytical-grade solvents such as hexane, acetone, and sodium sulfate were purchased from Fujifilm-Wako Pure Chemical (Osaka, Japan) and Kanto Chemical (Tokyo, Japan). Silica gel and active carbon-dispersed Silica gel were obtained from Kanto Chemical (Tokyo, Japan) (Seekey resources table for detail).
Pesticide residue analytical-grade solvents such as hexane, acetone, and sodium sulfate were purchased from Fujifilm-Wako Pure Chemical (Osaka, Japan) and Kanto Chemical (Tokyo, Japan). Silica gel and active carbon-dispersed Silica gel were obtained from Kanto Chemical (Tokyo, Japan) (See
3
PAH Extraction and Quantification
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Hexane, acetone, ethanol, and sodium sulfate (Wako Pure Chemicals Industries, Ltd., Japan) used for the analyses were of residual agricultural chemical grade. Water purified by a Millipore Direct-Q® 3UV water purification system was washed with Hexane twice prior to use. Authentic PAH standards (phenanthrene [Phe], anthracene [Anth], fluoranthene [Flu], pyrene [Pyr], chrysene [Chry], benzo[b]fluoranthene [[b]flu], benzo[a]pyrene [[a]pyr], and perylene [Pery]), deuterated PAHs, and p-terphenyl-d14 were purchased from Wako Pure Chemicals Industries, Ltd. (Japan). Deuterated surrogate standards were used to compensate for PAH losses during analysis.
4
Analytical Determination of Dye Impurities
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All solutions were prepared with ultrapure Milli-Q water (Milli-Q, Milford, MA), which was used for preparing the aqueous mobile phase. Ammonium acetate, sodium hydroxide, ammonium formate, sodium sulfate, hydrochloric acid, tetrahydrofuran (stabilizer free) (THF), ethanol (EtOH), and acetic acid were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industry, Ltd. (Osaka, Japan); 2-butanone, ethyl acetate, and hexane were purchased from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade organic solvents methanol and acetonitrile were supplied by Merck (Darmstadt, Germany).
RB (purity 98.3%) was purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industry, Ltd., whereas AO (purity 90.8%) and PA (purity 94.4%) were purchased from Chroma Technology Corp. and Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium), respectively. A saturated NaCl solution containing 0.1 mol/L NaOH was prepared by dissolving 4 g of NaOH in 1 L of the solution. A 1.6 mol/L ammonium formate solution (pH 2.5) was prepared by dissolving 10 g of ammonium formate in 50 mL of water and subsequently adjusting the pH to 2.5 with formic acid. Water was then added to the solution to obtain a 100 mL final solution volume.
RB (purity 98.3%) was purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industry, Ltd., whereas AO (purity 90.8%) and PA (purity 94.4%) were purchased from Chroma Technology Corp. and Acros Organics (Geel, Belgium), respectively. A saturated NaCl solution containing 0.1 mol/L NaOH was prepared by dissolving 4 g of NaOH in 1 L of the solution. A 1.6 mol/L ammonium formate solution (pH 2.5) was prepared by dissolving 10 g of ammonium formate in 50 mL of water and subsequently adjusting the pH to 2.5 with formic acid. Water was then added to the solution to obtain a 100 mL final solution volume.
5
Synthesis of Novel Organic Compounds
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Sodium chloride (NaCl), lysozyme, monosodium phosphate (NaH2PO4), imidazole, glycerol, reduced glutathione, oxidized glutathione, methanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), tert-butyl acetate, perchloric acid (HClO4), hydrochloric acid (HCl), sodium carbonate, ethyl acetate, sodium sulfate, hexane, sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO3), acetone, triphenyl phosphine (Ph3P), anhydrous dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), and anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (THF) were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). 3-Bromo-tyrosine, 3-hydroxymethyl-2-methylbiphenyl, and diisopropyl azodicarboxylate (DIAD; 40% in toluene, approximately 1.9 mol L−1) were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Magnesium sulfate and CH2Cl2 were purchased from Junsei Chemical Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Deuterochloroform (CDCl3) was purchased from Isotec, Inc. (Miamisburg, OH, USA), and N-[(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxy) carbonyloxy] succinimide (Fmoc-Osu) was purchased from Watanabe Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Hiroshima, Japan).
6
Synthesis and Characterization of Fluorescent Probes
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4-(4,6-Dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-4-methylmorpholinium chloride n-hydrate (DMT-MM), pinacol, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, β-CyD, γ-CyD, tetrahydrofuran (THF), methanol, lithium aluminum hydride, diethyl ether, dichloromethane, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sodium azide, dimethylformamide (DMF), ammonia solution, sodium hydrogen carbonate, benzene, fructose, glucose, and galactose were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
(Osaka, Japan). 4-Carboxyphenylboronic acid, triethylamine, methanesulfonyl chloride, triphenylphosphine, and oxalyl chloride were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry, Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). 1,4-Dioxane, chloroform, acetonitrile, sulfuric acid, and acetone were purchased from Kanto Chemical, Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). methanol-d4, chloroform-d, DMSO-d6, 1-pyreneacetic acid, and 1-pyrenebutyric acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Japan, Co., LLC (Tokyo, Japan). 1-Pyrenebutylamine was purchased from Toronto Chemical Research Inc. (Toronto, USA). All other organic solvents and reagents were commercially available with guaranteed grades and used without further purification. Water was doubly distilled and deionized by a Milli-Q water system (WG222, Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan and Milli-Q Advantage, Merck Millipore, MA, USA) before use.
(Osaka, Japan). 4-Carboxyphenylboronic acid, triethylamine, methanesulfonyl chloride, triphenylphosphine, and oxalyl chloride were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry, Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). 1,4-Dioxane, chloroform, acetonitrile, sulfuric acid, and acetone were purchased from Kanto Chemical, Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). methanol-d4, chloroform-d, DMSO-d6, 1-pyreneacetic acid, and 1-pyrenebutyric acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Japan, Co., LLC (Tokyo, Japan). 1-Pyrenebutylamine was purchased from Toronto Chemical Research Inc. (Toronto, USA). All other organic solvents and reagents were commercially available with guaranteed grades and used without further purification. Water was doubly distilled and deionized by a Milli-Q water system (WG222, Yamato Scientific Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan and Milli-Q Advantage, Merck Millipore, MA, USA) before use.
7
IgG Purification and Quantification
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Human IgG was obtained from MBL life science (Nagoya, Japan). Sodium lauroyl glutamate was kindly provided by Ajinomoto Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan). Arginine hydrochloride, sodium chloride, sodium phosphate, sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN), sodium sulfate, guanidine hydrochloride (Gdn), urea, glucose, trehalose dihydrate, xylitol, ethanol, and ethylene glycol were from Wako Pure Chemical Inc., Ltd. (Osaka, Japan). All chemicals used were of reagent grade and used as received.
IgG was dissolved in and dialyzed against pure water to remove salts before the following experiments. The protein concentration of the above stock IgG solution was spectrophotometrically determined using a UV-vis spectrophotometer (ND-1000; NanoDrop Technologies, Inc., Wilmington, USA).
IgG was dissolved in and dialyzed against pure water to remove salts before the following experiments. The protein concentration of the above stock IgG solution was spectrophotometrically determined using a UV-vis spectrophotometer (ND-1000; NanoDrop Technologies, Inc., Wilmington, USA).
8
Characterization of Cellulose and Wood Flour
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Table 1 lists the ionic liquids that were used in this study. 5-HMF, glucose, fructose, cellobiose, cellotriose, levoglucosan, 1,6-anhydro-b-D-glucofuranose (AGF), acetonitrile, sodium sulfate, and acetic acid were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries (Osaka, Japan). N,O-Bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) and dehydrated dimethyl sulfoxide were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, USA). Sodium chlorite and pyridine were purchased from Kanto Chemicals (Tokyo, Japan). Cellulose sample (Whatman CF1) was dried in an oven at 105 °C for 24 h before use. Wood flours from Japanese cedar (C. japonica) (90-180 lm) were extracted with ethanol/benzene (1/2, v/v) for 24 h in a Soxhlet apparatus. The extractive-free wood flour was oven-dried at 105 °C for 24 h before use.
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