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6 protocols using neurotensin

1

Cell Culture Compound Treatment

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Neurotensin (4006469, Bachem), PNGase F (Thermofisher, A39245), Tunicamycin (Sigma, SML1287), Marimastat (Sigma, M2699), Batimastat (Tocris 2961), MG132 (Sigma, M7449), Monensin (00-4505-51, eBioscience) and Chloroquine (C6628-sigma) were diluted in cell culture medium to treat the cell culture.
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2

Synthesis of Biologically-Active Peptide Conjugates

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The DT1 (N4-Gly-Arg-Arg-Pro-Tyr-Ile-Leu-OH, N4 = 6-(carboxy)-1,4,8,11-tetraazaundecane), DT5 (N4-βAla-Arg-Dab-Pro-Tyr-Ile-Leu-OH) and DT6 (N4-βAla-Arg-Dab-Pro-Tyr-Tle-Leu-OH) peptide conjugates (Figure 1) synthesized on the solid support as previously reported [23 (link),24 (link)] were provided by PiChem (Graz, Austria). Neurotensin (NT = Pyr-Leu-Tyr-Glu-Asn-Lys-Pro-Arg-Arg-Pro-Tyr-Ile-Leu-OH) was purchased from Bachem (Bubendorf, Switzerland). The NEP-inhibitor PA (phosphoramidon disodium dehydrate, N-(α-rhamnopyranosyloxy-hydroxyphosphinyl)-l-leucyl-l-tryptophan × 2Na × 2H2O) was obtained from PeptaNova GmbH (Sandhausen, Germany) and the ACE-inhibitor Lis (lisinopril dehydrate, ((S)1–1-[N2-(1-carboxy-3-phenylpropyl)-lysyl-proline dehydrate, MK 521) from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).
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3

Modeling Colonic Epithelial Cell Lines

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NCM460-NTR1 cells were generated from human colonic epithelial NCM460 cells (INCELL, San Antonio, TX, USA) transduced with lentivirus particles as previously described 10 (link) and maintained in M3:D culture media (INCELL) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY, USA). Human embryonic kidney fibroblasts, HEK293, and colonic cancer HCT-116 cells were maintained in Eagle’s Minimum Essential Medium (MEM, Life Technologies) and McCoy5a (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA) respectively and supplemented with 10% FBS. Lipofectamine 2000, lipofectamine RNAimax and OptiMEM were from Life Technologies. Neurotensin was from Bachem Americas (Torrance, CA, USA). TNBS and SR48962 were from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and DSS was from MP Biomedicals (Santa Ana, CA, USA). Goat anti-AFTPH (sc-167055), mouse anti-villin and rabbit anti-β tubulin were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA).
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4

Standardized Protocol for Binding Assays

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The protocol and recommendations edited by Reubi and co-workers for binding assays were strictly adhered to [20 (link)]. Frozen samples were kept at −80 °C. Three days before handling, samples were placed at −20 °C. The day of the experiment, samples were pre-incubated for 10 min at 37 °C in Tris-HCl buffer at pH 7.4. Then, a binding solution containing 10 nM of the radiopharmaceuticals (except [111In]In-JMV 7488 and [67Ga]Ga-pentixafor, which were used at 75 nM and 50 nM, respectively) in Tris-HCl buffer at pH 8.2, 1% of BSA (Sigma A2153), 40 μg/mL of bacitracin (Sigma®11,702), and 10 nM of MgCl2 (Sigma M8266) was applied. In order to determine the amount of non-specific binding, a large excess of cold ligand was added—more precisely, 1μM of [natGa]Ga-RM2 (Life Molecular Imaging), [natGa]Ga-PSMA-617 (ABX), neurotensin (Bachem), or [natLu]Lu-DOTATATE (ABX), 7.5 µM of levocabastine or 10 µM pentixafor were used. Samples were incubated at 37 °C for 2 h. Afterward, samples were rinsed five times for 8 min in cold Tris-HCl buffer at pH 8.2 with 0.25% of BSA, two times for 8 min in cold Tris-HCl buffer at pH 8.2 without BSA and finally, two times for 5 min in distilled water.
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5

Pharmacological Modulation of Cocaine Effects

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Cocaine HCl was obtained from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA; Research Triangle Park, NC and Bethesda, MD, USA) or Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). (+)-Naloxone and (+)-naltrexone were synthesized by Dr. Kenner Rice (Chemical Biology Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD). Drug doses are reported as free-base where appropriate. LPS-RS (a TLR4 antagonist naturally produced by Rhodobacter sphaeroides), IL1ra, and minocycline were purchased from Sigma (St Louis, MO, USA). Neurotensin was purchased from Bachem (Torrance, CA, USA).
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6

Pharmacological Modulation of Cocaine Effects

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Cocaine HCl was obtained from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA; Research Triangle Park, NC and Bethesda, MD, USA) or Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). (+)-Naloxone and (+)-naltrexone were synthesized by Dr. Kenner Rice (Chemical Biology Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD). Drug doses are reported as free-base where appropriate. LPS-RS (a TLR4 antagonist naturally produced by Rhodobacter sphaeroides), IL1ra, and minocycline were purchased from Sigma (St Louis, MO, USA). Neurotensin was purchased from Bachem (Torrance, CA, USA).
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