Acuvail

All surgeries were performed by a single, experienced surgeon (HL), employing two surgical techniques: conventional cataract surgery and FLACS (CATALYS™ Precision Laser System, Johnson & Johnson). A hydrophobic 1-piece IOL (Eyhance non-toric, Johnson & Johnson) was implanted, with the lens center aligned with the visual axis. The capsulorhexis center coincided with the lens center and had a size of 5.0 mm. Before the conclusion of every surgery, continuous 360° IOL-capsulorhexis overlap was confirmed. Postoperative topical medications included levofloxacin hydrate 1.5 % (Cravit 1.5 %, Santen Pharmaceutical) four times daily, prednisolone acetate 1.0 % (Predforte 1.0 %, Allergan, Inc.) four times daily, ketorolac tromethamine 0.45 % (Acuvail, Allergan, Inc.) two times daily, and cyclosporin 0.1 % (Ikervis 0.1 %, Santen Pharmaceutical) once daily.

Patients with PRK received the following medications: topical moxifloxacin 0.5% eye drops (Vigamox, Alcon) 4 times a day for 2 weeks and topical loteprednol 0.5% eye drops (Lotepro) 6 times a day for 2 weeks; this schedule was then tapered for 3 months. All patients were prescribed ketorolac (Acuvail, Allergan), which was permitted to be used up to 3 times a day for unbearable pain on the day of surgery. The artificial tear (hyaluronic acid 0.15%) was also prescribed for their use if needed.