Azathioprine

SH-SY5Y cells and APP-SH-SY5Y cells (APP-SH-SY5Y cells were purchased from Hanbio, Shanghai, China) were cultured in DMEM/F12 containing 10% FBS and 1% penicillin/streptomycin at 37 °C in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator. The expression of APP mRNA and protein was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting to confirm the successful establishment of the AD cell model. Two types of cells were collected and incubated in a 96-well plate and then treated with different concentrations of drugs for 24 h. Cell viability was determined via Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays by following the manufacturer’s instructions. Six drugs, including azathioprine, niflumic acid, olaparib, chlorzoxazone, nabumetone and donepezil were purchased from the MedChemExpress (MCE) database (https://www.medchemexpress.cn/) and dissolved in DMSO. All experiments were repeated three times.

6‐mercaptopurine, methotrexate, tofacitinib, budesonide, 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA), sulfasalazine, azathioprine and filgotinib were purchased from MedChem Express (USA). Cyclosporin A (CsA) and tacrolimus (FK506) were purchased from Abcam. Everolimus, dexamethasone (Dex), prednisolone (Pred), 6‐TG and MPA were purchased from Sigma. Rapamycin was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotech. All the reagents were dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO, Sigma) except MPA, which was dissolved in methanol. The effects of these immunosuppressants on lung cell line viability were determined by MTT assay (Figure S1).